Aldolase B catalyzes F1P breakdown into glyceraldehyde and DHAP. These will become either glucose or pyruvate. Pyruvate is needed for the citric acid cycle to work. Without aldolase B, the body cannot process F1P. This will lead to an accumulation in body tissues.
3. How will the concentration of sucrose in water affect the amount of water that diffuses into or out of the potato cells and thereby change the mass of the potato cells? Hypotheses: 1. If the solution inside the dialysis tubing is hypertonic to the water in the beaker, then the glucose will diffuse out of the bag, and the water will diffuse into the bag, however the starch will remain in the bag. This will occur because the water and glucose are small enough to diffuse out of the pores in the dialysis bag, but the starch molecules are too large to fit through 2.
Describe the digestion and absorption of carbohydrates and the regulation of blood glucose Carbohydrate is a polymer made up of monomers called glucose. There are two types of glucose namely alpha glucose and beta glucose. Carbohydrate is the main substrate which produces energy for any mechanism such as metabolic reactions, active transport and the movement of vesicles. In living organism such as human, carbohydrate is stored as glycogen where mostly be found in muscle. However, glycogen cannot diffuse through the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane so it must be broken down into smaller molecules known as glucose which can diffuse through the glucose co-transport channel protein spun across the phospholipid bilayer.
This assignment will evaluate the importance of homeostasis in maintaining a healthy functioning of the body. If homeostasis did not work properly in the body then there are many problems that could arise. Diabetes is one of those problems: Diabetes Diabetes is “a permanent change in your internal chemistry that results having too much glucose in your blood” because the body cannot use it properly. (Rudy, 1999, Page 10) Glucose comes from digesting carbohydrates and is also produced by the liver, carbohydrate comes from many different kinds of foods and drink, such as Wholegrain cereals such as Weetabix and Shredded Wheat, Brown rice, Pasta and Potatoes. “Diabetes can be tackled in different ways- by insulin and diet” (Rudy, 1999, page 19) Diet, when someone had diabetes it is best for their health to cut right down on the unhealthy foods, and stick to the health foods, this is due to the effectiveness of the medication you are on.
C6 H12 O6 = 2C3 H6 O3 + 2ATP (lactate) This is a structure of ATP ATP contains sugar which is Ribose, a base which is Adenine and three phosphate groups. Biological systems transfer the energy in glucose to ATP because unlike glucose ATP releases its energy instantly in a single reaction and also the hydrolysis of ATP releases a small amount of energy, ideal for fuelling reactions in the body. Glucose is obtained from food; we eat pasta which is a carbohydrate which is then broken down into glucose by the digestive system. The process which breaks this down is known as catabolism, this is the breakdown of food components, breaking down
When glucose polymerises to become cellulose, water is eliminated and the structure becomes: The H and OH groups are omitted for clarity. It must noted that: for bonding to occur, alternate glucose units must be inverted as shown above; this bonding produces a very linear molecule due to the geometry of the rings and the C-O-C angles. * Biomass – material produced by living organisms, mainly it is plant material though it also includes animal excreta and algae material. Cellulose is the major component of plant biomass. * Cellulose as a source of chemicals – starch, another polymer of glucose, can be used as an alternative source for petrochemical products but there is more cellulose produced in plants than starch.
Removing VLCSFA from the diet eliminates any external contribution to the total VLCSFA blood level. Lorenzo’s Oil, made of monounsaturated fatty acids (good fatty acids), causes Competitive Inhibition to occur. The same enzyme complex that elongates fatty acid chains becomes occupied with the production of monounsaturated fatty acids. The enzyme complex cannot produce both types of fatty acids simultaneously. Therefore the two kinds of fatty acids compete for same enzyme complex; however, monounsaturated fatty acids are formed in greater concentration than VLCSFA.
Diabetes type2 Definition Diabetes type2 is defined as insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. When your body cannot use insulin properly and effectively, the insulin can’t convert the sugar that stays in the veins to the cells. Over time high blood sugar can damage the veins. When you eat, your body absorbs all of the nutrients from foods. Many nutrients like Carbohydrates will convert to the glucose and go right into your blood stream.
Lactose Intolerance What is it? Lactose intolerance is a common digestive problem where the body is unable to digest lactose, a type of sugar mainly found in milk and dairy products. How is it caused? The body digests lactose by using an enzyme called lactase to break down lactose into two simpler sugars called glucose and galactose, which can then be easily absorbed into the bloodstream. Enzymes are proteins that cause chemical reactions to occur.
Many natural ingredients can be added to a product to “bind” the water making it unavailable for the growth microorganisms. Several common ingredients the bind water are sugar, salt (has six times the capacity to bind water when compared to sugar), pectin and glycerol. A good example of a food product that contains a good deal of water with a fairly low water activity is jelly. Although composed of 50-60% water, jams usually have water activities around 0.75. The sugar and pectin in jams binds the water making it unavailable for microbial growth.