Political Culture in Ireland

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Name: Sean O Donnabháin Student Number: 110344539 Course: PO1001: Introduction to Politics Essay Title: What is meant by political culture? Outline three influences on political culture in Ireland Lecturer: Dr Theresa Reidy Word Count: 1493 What is political culture? Almond and Verba described political culture as “the particular distribution of patterns of orientation toward political objects among the members of the nation”.[1] A more recent definition of political culture is “a person’s psychological orientation to political objects such as parties, government and the constitution expressed in beliefs, symbols and values.”[2] Either way, congruence between political culture and political institutions is essential for effective government[3], therefore, knowledge of a particular political culture and its causes is valuable in terms of the execution of government. Political cultural values are not however, brought about on their own, they are the effects of an interaction between deeper sociological causes. This essay will examine three of the causes that have an effect on Irish political culture. These are: the level of socio-economic development since the nineteenth century, the influence of religion and secularisation, and Ireland’s previous political experience and its relationship to Britain. Socio-Economic Development A major shift in socio-political values happens as a society transitions from agrarian to industrial due to socio-economic development[4]. In this section the socio-economic development in Ireland since the nineteenth century will be examined. Although economic improvement in Ireland was relatively slow, other social changes were much more rapid than the pace of economic development would suggest. A large number of
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