However, there will be no reaction unless an acid catalyst (H+) is present. The reaction is characterized by Figure 1 below: Figure 1: Aspirin Synthesis The results for this particular experiment did indeed yield aspirin product through the technique of crystallization, however, it was not extremely pure. Crystallization is the technique by a particular substance is obtained in a crystal form due to changes and differences in solubility after a solution has been heated and mixed thoroughly. Aspirin is one form of a type of drugs known as Analgesics. These class of drugs are used to relieve pain only, they do not target inflammation like some other types of pain relievers do.
It was found that the unknown mixture was comprised of 49.8% NaCl, 36.8% SiO2, and 13% CaCO3. Introduction The key to this experiment is to understand solubility and know how to use the solubility of certain components to separate mixtures. Knowing which components are soluble in the solutes that are available proves to be very advantageous. To start the experiment, the unknown ternary mixture will be added to water to produce a solution that includes all of the components of the original mixture (NaCl, SiO2, CaCO3). Since the sodium chloride is soluble in water, gravity filtration will allow for separation of the calcium carbonate and sand (residue) from the NaCl+H2O (filtrate) solution.
Under the UV light, the distance the compounds traveled were easily spotted because the TLC plates were fluorescent everywhere except the spots of the compounds. Thin-layer chromatography was used for this experiment because the commercial pain killers contain a mixture of compounds and TLC allows one to visualize the number of ingredients in a mixture (4).Reference picture one. Paper chromatography is a form of partition chromatography that is used for separating small amount of materials into their components. The cellulose of the filter paper contains absorbed water so the partial coefficients between the absorbed water and the
In all the separation was pretty successful in getting Rf values for the three fractions, and the two compounds. Between the benzil and benzoin compounds, it was found that benzoin is the most polar. Benzoin was the most polar because it traveled the least amount of distance on the TLC plate. Conclusion: The results of this lab was that three different Rf values were calculated for the three fractions, and to measure their polarity from most to least polar. Fractions 1,2, and 3 were all separated by column/flash chromatography and their purities were measured with the TLC plate.
I added a few drops of 3% Hydrogen Peroxide and it resulted in bubble formation. The positive gram stain and positive catalase test indicated that the organism belonged to the Staphylococcus Genus, which meant it was now time to pinpoint the species based on differential and selective biochemical tests. To ensure that my genus identification was correct I performed a Bile Esculin Slant with a fish tail streak on my unknown bacteria. This test resulted in neither growth nor a black precipitate; therefore I could conclude that my unknown was not Streptococci or Enterococci but indeed Staphylococcus. Next I observed the isolation streak on my Blood Agar Plate and found pinpoint, round, entire and flat colony morphology as well as an alpha hemolytic reaction pattern, indicating red blood cell ion leakage which is characteristic of S. epidermidis.
This experiment was completed with the purpose of testing and discovering the effects different contaminants have on water and to hypothesize the possible effects contaminated water could have on the human body based on research and readings of different scholarly sources. This investigation will also determine if there are any differences in taste and compositional makeup between tap water and bottled water. The pollutants used in this experiment are oil, vinegar, and laundry detergent. For my hypotheis for this experiment, I believe that the oil and vinegar will have a more negative effect on the water and the laundry detergent will have the least negative effect, which I believe will only give the water a more soapy aroma. For the difference in quality between tap water and bottled water, I believe that the bottled water, in this case Dasani and Fiji, will be a lot purer and not have as many contaminants than the municipal tap water.
The final crude product yield was 0.91g and the pure product yield was 0.36g. Error may have occurred during the extraction phase. Although I extracted twice with Sodium Chloride, if waste was not completely removed, it would affect the purity of the product. The distillation process may have also affected the pure product. The lab manual recommended that 0.5mL of waste be removed during distillation; otherwise it would affect the purity of the product.
Abstract: The purpose of this lab was to calculate the distribution coefficient (Kd) of benzoic acid in dichloromethane which will determine the more efficient way to extract benzoic acid whether by a single extraction using 10 mL of dimethylchloride, or two extractions, each using 5 mL of dimethylchloride. A liquid-liquid extraction technique was used to separate the organic phase from the aqueous phase of the mixture in a separating funnel. The less dense phase was the top layer- most organic solvents are less dense than water .However dichloromethane used in this experiment is denser than water and thus was seen at the bottom of the mixture. The aqueous layer (top layer) hydroxide for the single and multiple extractions was titrated against 0.02 M standardized sodium hydroxide for the single and multiple extractions and the distribution coefficient Kd was found to be 92.9 and 0.21x 102 respectively. Introduction: Crystallization, purification, and isolation (may only be restricted to a solid) are insufficient ways to separate mixtures of compounds.
To best imitate the consistency of oil we used motor oil. Also we added salt to the water to best imitate a normal situation. Our projects may have had certain glitches because the water was not the exact same as ocean water and motor oil is not the same as the raw oil in the Exxon Valdez company oil spill. Dispersants reduce the surface tension that stops oil and water from mixing which causes small droplets of oil to be formed, which helps a quicker dilution of the oil. When the droplets are formed they rise to the surface because they are less than water and are evaporated.
• Created Data Table using the recorded information from each test. Data Table 1: Reactions Well #/ Question Chemicals Reaction A NaHCO3 and HCI - C02 No Physical reaction when Bleach was added. Over white paper I could see somewhat of a difference in chemicals but not over the dark paper. B HCI and BTB When HCI & BTB were added together the solution turned a bright yellow. Once the bleach was added the solution turned back to clear.