Abstract A major part of the endocrine system consists of the pituitary gland also known as the Master gland because is controls many body functions. This gland secretes many different hormones into the bloodstream to target organs and is controlled by the hypothalamus. There are two parts to the pituitary gland; one is called the anterior lobe, and the other is the posterior lobe. The pituitary gland has many important function in body growth, metabolism, child birth and many others. If a problem arises within the pituitary gland, or hypothalamus, disorders and tumors may occur.
This is because it secretes various hormones that control all the other glands in the body when stimulated by the hypothalamus. It also produces hormones that regulate the growth rate of children and awaken the sexual glands at puberty. The Pineal gland is located near to the center of the brain. It produces a hormone known as serotonin. Research has shown that serotonin to affect different parts of the body depending on how much of it is being secreted and possible combinations with enzymes and other hormones.
It has widespread connections with the rest of the forebrain and the midbrain. Partly through nerves and partly through hypothalamic hormones, the hypothalamus conveys messages to the pituitary gland, altering its release of hormones (Kalat, 2003). According to “American Accreditation Health Commission,” The hypothalamus is responsible for certain metabolic processes and other activities of the autonomic nervous system. It synthesizes and secretes certain neurohormones, often called hypothalamic-releasing hormones, and these in turn stimulate or inhibit the secretion of pituitary hormones. The hypothalamus controls body temperature, hunger, thirst, fatigue, sleep, and circadian cycle.
This is important statement because it proves that gender identity and sexual orientation is not purely choice, but driven by biological forces. Because hormones play such a diverse role in bodily functions, I will break down hormones into categories to provide clarification. Hormones are chemicals that come from the endocrine gland and are released into the circulatory system (Pinel, 2009). Hormones affect other endocrine glands or various parts in the nervous system. There are three types of hormones: amino acids, peptides and proteins, and steroids (Pinel, 2009).
The human body produces hormones which act as “chemical messengers” to try to regulate certain bodily functions like metabolism and growth. These hormones are produced in the endocrine system which includes the adrenal, pancreas, pineal, pituitary, and thyroid glands and manage things like puberty, growth, and physical changes. Hormones help the body maintain homeostasis or a state of balance within the body. When the body produces to much or to little of a hormone it can cause both physical and emotional problems. The growth rate of children is for the most part controlled by the hormones produced from the thyroid and pituitary glands.
Acetylcholine acts as a neuromodulator which engage in direct synaptic transmission between specific neurons. In the CNS acetylcholine plays a role in attention and arousal in the PNS it works as a major part of the autonomic nervous system and works to activate muscles (Waymire, 1997). Acetylcholine is involved in voluntary movement, learning, memory, and sleep. | | | | Pharmacological agent prescribed to increasethe neurotransmitter: | List three possible side effects linked to this agent: | To increase the neurotransmitter in the body the supplement choline bitartrate and CDP-Choline and herbal agents ginseng and ginkgo biloba (Moore, 2013). | 1) Low blood pressure | | 2) Stomach ache | | 3) Increase perspiration and salivation (Moore, 2013) | Example of a neurological disorder, disease, or condition where this agent occurs | List possible risks associated with not taking this agent for the disorder, disease, or condition: | A severe autoimmune muscular disease by varying progressions of defects of the skeletal muscles in the body is known as myasthenia gravis.
Damage to the cerebellum seems to affect procedural learning such as touch typing. Damage can also result in a continuous muscle tension and muscles that are resistant to stretching, a very painful condition. The cerebellum can be damaged by certain toxins (many anticonvulsant medications are cerebellar toxins), antibodies produced by tumors in other parts of the body, strokes, multiple sclerosis, tumors, cerebellar degeneration, underdevelopment or displacement such as that caused by Arnold-Chiari malformation whereby the cerebellum extends into the spinal cavity at the brainstem in varying degrees of severity. Arnold-Chiari malformation can cause severe headaches. Medical names for these conditions are listed as the following.
In this report I’m going to be telling you about how neurotransmitters affect our lives and the people around us. I’m also going to be explaining what these things called neurotransmitters are, the different type of neurotransmitters we have and what they do. Also what would happen to our body if we have too many or too little amounts of neurotransmitters and how illegal and legal drugs affect the functioning of neurotransmitters? Neurotransmitters are a chemical substance which is released at the end of a nerve strand by the entrance of a nerve impulse and by spreading across the synapse. It effects the transfer of the impulse to another nerve strand, a muscle strand, or another structure.
Through apolipoprotein C-II, the mature chylomicrons activate lipoprotein lipase (LPL). Lipoprotein lipase is an enzyme found on the endothelial cells that line the blood vessels, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of triacyglycerol (glycerol covalently bonded to three fatty acids). Triacyglycerol releases glycerol along with fatty acids found in the chylomicrons. Fatty acids and glycerol can be absorbed in muscle, peripheral tissues, and adipose, for energy as well as storage. The hydrolyzed chylomicrons become chylomicron remnants.
Damage to these areas of the brain can change a person’s behaviour for example damage to the frontal lobe can affect personality. Another assumption of the biological approach is behaviour can be explained in terms of hormones. Hormones regulate different behaviours. Hormones are biochemical substances that are produced by endocrine glands such as pituitary glands and adrenal glands. Hormones are transported through the blood stream to various organs and tissues.