Lenin was a triumphant ruler who was the mastermind behind many good things that came out of Russia. After much turmoil, Lenin restored order to Russia as a whole. He launched the New Economic Policy, which
One of Alexander’s reforms was to boom industries to start competing with the west who had more developed technology and whose economies were much more stable. Alexander introduced many reforms such as emancipating the serfs and introduced more modern policies in areas such as education and the legal system. Alexander II does deserve the title “Tsar Liberator” to a certain extent. One of the major steps to liberating Russia which Alexander bravely took was the choice to issue an emancipation manifesto in February of 1861 in which he would allow serfs to be freed and given more rights. These rights included; the chance to own land, marry, trade, were given a quarter of old land free and the option to build their own businesses.
How significant were ideological disputes in accounting for Stalin’s emergence as leader of Russia? Ideological disputes accounted greatly for the rise in power of Stalin in 1929; however his cunning and mischievous ways, his ability to manipulate situations to his advantage and capitalise on the mistakes of his contenders, all allowed him to succeed in Russia after the death of Lenin in 1924. Biding his time Stalin was gradually moving up in the ranks and attaining more power within the Bolsheviks party and eventually got an influential position; General Secretary of the party. So not only the ideological disputes with the other contenders but his new powerbase as the general secretary led to his rise as the Russian leader. Stalin’s emergence as a successor and a dominant figure within the Bolshevik party really came when he got the influential position as general secretary in 1922.
Witte tried to change this with a series of projects, to help the economy and industry of Russia. He tried many different things such as building a huge railway system called the Trans-Siberian Railway across Russia (7000km). This helped Russia modernize by greatly improving infrastructure in the country. He also exploited Russia’s vast quantities of natural resources to sell them/use them in their own economy. These ideas seemed great but they did work much as Russia’s economy only grew by 50%, compared to other countries this was nothing.
Much of the industrialization in Russia was due to the Minister of Finance, Sergei Witte whom was in charge from 1892 until 1903; he aimed to create a modern and industrial economy that would match that of Britain's and other western powers. Witte was keen to increase foreign investment in Russia and therefore made it much easier for foreigners to invest in Russia's industrial matters, thus creating a much better relationship with foreign powers. Furthermore Witte undertook currency reform: in 1897 he moved the Russian ruble to the gold standard, strengthening and stabilizing it and improving foreign exchange. Possibly his greatest achievement was the development of Railway, Russia was vast and communication was difficult, he created the Tran Siberian railway which linked huge and important cities such as Moscow and St Petersburg which were growing rapidly due to industrialization, the trans Siberian railway also allowed for the food from the land to be transported to the ever growing cities, to feed the workers. Despite many improvements industrially to Russia it was still behind great western powers, despite the cities
The Second Five-Year Plan had enabled military preparation, and by 1942, 50% of national income was being spent on the war (military production almost doubled between 1941-44). In addition, during the war Gosplan organised the relocation of Russian industry from areas under Nazi threat (1,523 factories had been moved by November 1941). This ensured that Russian industry could continue to produce goods. Economic might therefore played an important role in helping the country win the war, because without such a strong war economy, it would not have had the arms or industrial goods necessary to defeat the Germans. The Soviet people also played an important role.
This allowed freedom of speech in Russia, letting all males in Russia the right to vote. As I previously said, the reign of Nicholas was a time of rapid change and what many people didn’t realise was the fact that Russia was on the brink of revolution. There were many events that lead up to this point, some of these being Bloody Sunday, Severe gaps between the rich and poor, lack of communication, poor living and working conditions and lastly Nicholas himself. At the beginning of Nicholas’ reign, Russia was at peace, was in the first stages of industrialisation and it was an international superpower. It was all set up perfectly, except one major flaw, Nicholas was unfit to lead according to many.
The 1918 election subsequently became known as the coupon election in reference to the signed letter of endorsement that selected coalition candidates received from Lloyd George and the conservative leader Andrew Bonar Law. The war time coalition government was overwhelmingly successful and people believed they could carry on this success into peacetime. Promises such as punishing the Germans by paying for the war and 'homes for heroes' was promised and were seen as achievable likewise so was the belief that the coalition government could return the country to normality. 700,000 houses were built out of 200,000. It was a start.
[pic] Unit 4 [pic] Understanding Discipline in the Uniformed Public Services [pic] Assignment 1[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] Chapter 1 P1 Explain the need for and role of discipline in the Uniformed Public Services 1. Produce diagrams which illustrate the hierarchical command and rank structures (you must show all ranks commissioned and non commissioned) of the following Uniformed Public Services: a. British Army Officer Cadet This is the rank held during initial officer training at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst. Second Lieutenant The first rank held on commissioning. It is normally held for up to 2 years, during which time they complete special to arms training relevant to their Corps. Afterwards they are responsible for leading up to 30 soldiers in a platoon or troop, both in training and on operations.
He was appointed the position in 1892, and held it until 1903. Witte is regarded as the prominent figure in the industrialization of Russia. The tsar at the time, Nicholas II, had a great deal of faith in Witte’s ability to successfully modernize the Russian economy. In researching this topic, it seems advantageous to look at documents that Witte had written to the tsar during this time. This gives us insight into the economic and social aims of the government, that they sought to achieve through industrialization.