They both studied different ideas, and preached different views about how our mind functioned. While Maslow focused on the humanistic aspect of our personality, Jung focused on the psychoanalytic aspect. However, they were both inspired by two great people. Carl Jung was deeply influenced by Sigmund Freud who happens to be the father of psychoanalysis. Though he dismissed Freudian theory that stated that human personality was defined by their sexual drive and desires, he established that we have 2 states of unconscious.
He now championed a new more active and directive type of psychotherapy which he refereed to as Rational Therapy (RT). In RT the therapist sought to help the client understand and to act on the understanding that their personal philosophy contained beliefs that contributed to his / her own emotional pain. The new approach stressed the need to actively work to change a clients self defeating belief or behaviour by demonstrating their irrationality, self defeatism and rigidity.
My name is ______ and I am a psychologist with expertise in the Gestalt therapy perspective. The Gestalt therapy perspective is a type of therapy considered to be existential and experiential forms of psychotherapy. This perspective focuses on personal responsibility of decisions made by the individual as well as the individual's experiences in the past and present. This form of therapy holds strong emphasis on the importance of a client- therapist relationship, and the experiences related to environment and society of the individual. The Gestalt therapy examines the adjustments the individual takes charge of, allowing the individual to make choices related to the situation of their life, overall.
Most of the cases that are studied at the institute are Classical Alderian Depth Psychology, which is what Doctor of Philosophy graduate, Henry T. Stein, studies and made a website based on the studies of Alfred Alder (Stein). Alder believed birth order and personality had a deeper connection that helped guide a person to their path in life. Alder was extremely fascinated in the belief of inner self and how it related to the rest of the person as a whole and stated, “The goal of a person's inner life thus becomes the conductor that pulls all emotions into the stream of psychological existence. This is the root of the unity of the personality and of individuality. Its strength, wherever
Running Head: EXISTENTIAL COUNSELING 1 An Analysis of Existential Therapy from a Counseling Perspective Mark Oliver University of Houston – Clear Lake Running Head: EXISTENTIAL COUNSELING 2 Abstract Existential theory is derived from the existential philosophy movement of the nineteenth century. There were several individuals instrumental in the development of existential therapy including Bugental, Frankl, May, and Yalom. It is not a concise theory but is a loose collection of theories centering on the meaning or purpose of life. However it is applicable to counseling because of its focus on the meaning of life which promotes clients well-being. The main therapeutic techniques are: Logotherapy, the “I-thou model”, and the self-in-world concept.
Yet, it remains on the fringes of our culture. Now the time has come to infuse the mainstream institutions of our culture with a deeper, more authentic understanding and appreciation of the faculties of the psyche. In particular, it is important to infuse the field of psychology with an understanding psychic ability. The very name "psychology," implies a discipline of knowledge dedicated to studying the psyche or soul. However, for nearly a century since the death of William James, America's first and greatest psychologist, the field has been dominated by behaviorist and positivist
Humanistic psychologist Abraham Maslow once wrote: “any theory of motivation that is worthy of attention must deal with the highest capacities of the healthy and strong person as well as with the defensive maneuvers of crippled spirits” (qtd. in Myers 565). Maslow definitely took both of these things into account when he created the hierarchy of needs. The hierarchy of needs, normally drawn out in the shape of a pyramid, starts with primitive needs, such as hunger and safety, and then continues on until we finally focus on trying to achieve ‘self-actualization’ and ‘self-transcendence’ needs. Maslow proposed that after one’s basic physical, psychological and self-esteem needs are met, a person strives for self-actualization, fulfilling our potential, and self-transcendence, where we need to find identity beyond our self (Myers 565).
Henry Murray’s Theory of Our Will for Success Our Will to Success Henry Murray Henry Murray, an American psychologist, assimilated a theory of personality that construed strengths for types of primary, secondary, and psychogenic needs. Prior to his theoretic achievements, Murray received an education from Harvard, went to the Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York, and received knowledge and inspiration for a few of his theories from Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung. Murray’s teachings express the psychological and psychogenic needs that we more than often feel unconsciously. Based upon his years of professional experience, Murray theorizes how humans each have different strengths that help in fulfillment of the needs they feel. Our Will to Success Murray was born and raised in New City in 1893.
The development of PCA stemmed from Rogers experience of being a client and his experience of working as a counsellor,which gave rise to the views he developed about Behaviourism and psychoanalytic approaches to counselling. Rogers felt that in general terms, that Behaviourism seemed to take the view that human beings are organisms that only react to stimuli, developing habits learned from experience; the individuals are helpless and are not responsible for their own behaviour. These views were strongly challenged by Rogers, however, it was not until 1945 that Rogers counselling theory and practice began to make an impact. In 1951 he wrote the book called
MORAL DEVELOPMENT In the field of psychology, morality and its development has been variously defined by different types of psychologists. Psychoanalysts, such as Sigmund Freud (1856– 1939), believe that morality is rooted in the avoidance of guilt and shame and that its development is a product of the super-ego. In a similar vein, some developmental and social psychologists, such as Martin Hoffman and Jonathan Haidt, respectively, point to emotions as the basis of morality. According to Hoffman, as well as evolutionary psychologists, the origins of these moral emotions or senses date back many millennia to what has been called the ancestral environment or environment of evolutionary adaptation. While modern speculation about the biological and evolutionary basis of morality dates back to Charles Darwin's The Descent of Man, it has experienced a resurgence in the 21st century as findings