Paradise Lost - Felix Culpa - Book Xii:469-478

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Paradise Lost by John Milton Felix Culpa O goodness infinite, goodness immense! That all this good of evil shall produce, And evil turn to good; more wonderful Than that which by creation first brought forth Light out of darkness! full of doubt I stand, Whether I should repent me now of sin By me done and occasion'd, or rejoice Much more, that much more good therof shall spring, To God more glory, more good will to Men From God, and over wrath grace shall abound. Book XII: Lines 469-478 John Milton’s main intention in Paradise Lost is to “justify the ways of God to men”. By embracing reason and Christianity, Milton claims that all the God’s actions are reasonable. In the very beginning of the Book XII, Michael takes Adam to a hill and makes a presentation of biblical history to him. What Michael first narrates is the story of Nimrod and the Tower of Babel. Nimrod is a tyrant who forces many men under his rule. Trying to reach the Heaven he constructs “the Tower of Babel”. God punishes Nimrod and changes languages of his working men so that they can no longer communicate and understand each other. Adam points out that humanbeings are free by nature. A tyrants having dominion over men is unacceptable. This is the situation that makes him upset. But Michael explains what’s happening there. Because of the original sin that Adam and Eve committed, men from their seeds can not control their passions, so other men take control of those inconstants. God sends unjust rulers to control some groups so that they lose their freedom. This is an address to the Original Sin. Eating the fruit of intelligence that is forbidden by God is a presumption. God gives away a boundless Heaven and orders only one thing, “Don’t eat from that tree”. But Eve goes too far and eats in order to be just like God himself. Thus God’s sending tyrants to rule the sinful men is

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