The Newport Coast structure is clearly a representation of Roman architecture in general, but more specifically, the sturdy columns and enlarged entablatures are reminiscent of the Tuscan order. Although the simplified columns may at first glance appear to be rather doric in their style, upon closer inspection they prove to be more similar to the less renowned Tuscan order. This in fact, does not diminish the influence the doric temples of Greek architecture had on the Etruscan invention of the Tuscan temple, but rather demonstrates yet again how one culture can inspire another artistically. The Tuscan order refers to "the variation that resembles the doric order, with an unfluted shaft and a simplified base, capital, and entablature" (Stokstad, 227). Like architecture of the Tuscan order, the Newport Coast structure's entablature is very plain and
Both of these types were favorites within Greek architecture (Sayre). The Corinthian was a favorite among Roman architecture. It was considered even more decorative than the Ionic styles used by the Greeks. Another similarity they share is their wiliness to dominate the site of the architecture. The Greeks believed that intellect is superior to forces of nature, while the Romans wanted their architecture to dominate the sites.
It has three main parts the entrance portico, the domed rotunda (vault), and the connection between the two (Parker, 2009). It was originally a temple for all pagan gods and converted into a church in 609 (Ermengem, 2013). The Portico consists of sixteen columns weighing 60 tons, each column supports a pediment with an inscription attributing the Pantheon to Marcus Agrippa. And the dome has an opening called the oculus which is the only source of light (Ermengem, 2013). In order to create this a circular trench for the rotunda’s foundation and a rectangular trench for the portico were dug, then lined with wood and layered with pozzolana cement.
The temple designed simply as a shelter or home for the cult statue and as a storehouse for offerings. This shelter consisted of a cella (back wall), a pronaos (columned porch), an opisthodomus (enclosure), an antae (bronze grills securing the porches), and a colonnade that provided shelter for visitors. The earliest monumental buildings in Greek architecture were the temples. Since these were solidly built and carefully maintained, they had to be replaced only if destroyed. The architectural orders, Doric on the mainland and Ionic in the eastern Aegean, were developed in the archaic temples, and their lasting example tended to make Greek architecture conservative toward changes in design or in building technology.
This Doric style temple was dedicated to the patron deity, Athena and also housed the Delian League’s treasury. It was produced of bright white Pentelic marble and inhibited carefully sculpted pediments, metopes, and friezes that depict scenes of Athena’s mythologies throughout the interior and exterior of the building. So, Iktinos, we know that you are the main architect for the Classical Parthenon, but, did you follow the basis of the previous Parthenon structure, Kallikrates’ created for the re-creation? Kallikrates’ design for the early Kimonian Parthenon definitely played a huge part in what we did in the rebuild. Although, it was burnt down during one of the Persian wars in 460 BCE and not fully finished to begin with, the columns, main platform with a little expansion, and drums that were used in the original were reused in the new temple.
The Romans moved away from the simple, ordered and comparatively humble style of Greek temples and created more lavish, grandiose buildings, made possible by engineering developments such as concrete, arches, vaults and domes, to emulate the epicurean taste, vast wealth and power of the Empire. The two nations had similar approaches to religion and its significance in everyday life but very different ways of producing these religious buildings. The differences between the Greek and the Roman temple are due to the
The initial plan was simple with a gigantic central space 31 sq. m. marked out by four great piers that supports the whole structure. Indeed it was an ambitious design. Building materials must be extremely light otherwise the support may not carry the weight of the structure. The Pantheon in Rome as basis was built from pozzolana- a volcanic ash used as a lightweight concrete.
1). Basic geometry served as the aesthetic of these buildings, with symmetrical shapes serving to draw the eye and focus attention where it was needed to properly appreciate the architectural beauty in the design. The post and lintel system was used in Greek architecture, and the temples employed it beautifully. Throughout the course of the Classical period, three different orders of columns were developed. The Doric order used sturdy columns with little decoration; the Ionic order was more elegant, but required more highly refined mathematical skills to properly distribute the weight of the roof; the Corinthian order was highly stylized, and was not in popular use until its adoption by the Romans (“Art,” n.d., para.
How Concrete can be considered a Sustainable Building Material It is pretty much recognized that the production of 1 ton of cement released 1 ton of CO2 (Hostettler, 2014). Knowing this, it is reasonable to ask how concrete can be considered as a sustainable material. This essay will analyze this question considering the life-cycle of different construction materials and the increased use of recycled and substitution materials in concrete. Life-cycle One of the best way to compare the sustainability of different materials is through a life-cycle analysis. As cement usually represent only 10-15 % of a concrete mix (PCA, 2014), energy required to produce concrete isn’t so important.
They also had a political purpose as they were often built to celebrate civic power and pride, or offer thanksgiving to the patron god of a city for success in war. Ionic Doric The earliest monumental buildings in Greek architecture were the temples. Since these were solidly built and carefully maintained, they had to be replaced only if destroyed. There were two main orders of early Greek architecture, the Doric and the Ionic, and their lasting example tended to make Greek architecture conservative toward changes in design or in building technology. The Doric style, which originated around 400 BCE brought rise to a whole new type of building technique and style, and was used in mainland Greece and spread to the Greek colonies in Italy.