Reinforcement is used to help increase the probability that a specific behavior will occur in the future by delivering a stimulus immediately after a response or behavior is exhibited Each category has benefits when appropriately used, but can easy turn into abuse or neglect. Three major types of reinforcement are physical, verbal, and resource driven, each can be manipulated into positive or negative. In today’s society is it frowned upon to physically discipline your children, either spanking or smacking. It is viewed as a barbaric action. However unpopular it is, distinct differences can be observed between children who have been physically negatively reinforced and those who have not.
A married couple could divide those responsibilities and schedule their work hours so that the kids hardly spend time alone. It will be easier to guide them in a positive direction. Poverty is a major factor that negatively affects the households. Both the parents and the kids will have a much more stressful life and that stress will reflect upon their performance at work and at school. An education costs money and a single parent with only one source of income plus all the other payments will definitely cause problems.
This is easier to be achieved when being encouraged to explore and helped with when having to make decisions by their carer. However if the carer shows a discouraging attitude to the child, they begin to sometimes feel ashamed of themselves. The child may then begin to assume how others may feel about them or things they may do. This is where guilt begins to grow. This stage is where a child must learn and accept what is and is not allowed and that some of the things that are not allowed could result in a punishment.
It may cause them to feel they cannot tell people personal feelings due trusting problems (Issaacson 91). Emotional problems can cause issues in relationships due to the lack of emotional communication. One positive trait that occurs in the middle born children is the ability to keep a secret (Powers 93). But being born the middle child can leave an indelible impression on an individual’s style of life (“Birth Order”). An individual’s order of birth has a tremendous effect on how they relate to other people, how they choose their friends, and who they choose as a spouse (Krohn 9).
Delfinio I. Velasquez Professor: Tami Comstock Eng- 80-32544 3/26/2013 How Autonomy should be used with Parenting Parents want what is best for their kids, but what they think is best for their kids depends on what parents think an ideal adult looks like as a whole. Daniel H. Pink in Drive analyzes how authentic motivation and autonomy are required for children potential to be preserved. Parents should use more autonomy as much as they can to let their children feel that they are controlling their own life. This will increase their motivation in many areas and gain more confidence to achieve better grades in school. Allowing children to be able to think independently and create their own behavior can be an effective way to allow for more autonomy, improving their motivation in many areas and get the confidence to achieve better grades in school.
Fear of confrontation with resourceful parents overwhelms their desire of alerting child neglect. As a result children may continue to live in negligent despite public knowledge. Children with disabilities have in general a larger risk of being abused (predators seek out the weakest). Knowing this, both families and teachers have a very low threshold for alerting Child welfare. The situation may improve if the issue of children’s welfare were put on the agenda, in media as well as in school.
Abstract Divorce is painful and confusing for children. How a parent handles it determines a lot about how the child will be affected, both today and tomorrow. After a parents’ divorce children are the primary concern. These concerns have derived from research evidence that divorce has many costs to them. Research reveals that balanced against the benefits that might derive from the end of a parents’ conflicted marriage, children often pay the price of a significantly reduced standard of living, emotional pain, and the loss of important parenting relationships in the immediate aftermath of divorce.
How is a child to learn the meaning of having friends or of dignity growing up this way? Poverty and homelessness are not just temporary conditions: For hundreds of thousands of children, these circumstances will have an effect on the rest of their lives. The effects of poverty and homelessness on children are numerous. Many of these children grow up with no friends and become emotionally, mentally, and socially disconnected. Scheller, growing up extremely poor herself, explains that spending your childhood in incessant, unflinching poverty can replace normal self-esteem with a feeling of shame (356).
In today’s society, divorce has become a norm in our lives. Married couples today are getting a divorce due to many different reasons, either because of conflicts in the marriage, lost of romantic feelings, a spouse committing an affair, and other type of marriage problems. Most of these divorced couples have children that are very young and due to their age, have no idea on how to deal with an event like a divorce. These children will have to learn to deal with their parent’s divorce at such a young age, affecting them in a positive or negative way. The effects of recent enlargement in divorce rates are negative effects.
They have more difficulties trusting other people unconditionally and tend to have less social contacts. Especially young children tend to cut social relationships after the divorce. Later in life, this can result in having difficulties building close relationships. Divorce has become very common that children of today's generation view divorce as a part and parcel of family