The causes for homeostatic imbalance in hypertension are medication, weight, smoking, heredity, drinking, external stressors, age, disease, and race. The reason the feedback system cannot maintain homeostasis is because of the different effectors causing the arteries to constrict, thus causing your blood pressure to rise. If you don’t contain a homeostatic balance in the cardiovascular system, you at risk for having heart attacks, kidney damage, vision issues, strokes, and problems with the aorta. This is how I would explain hypertension to a 63 year old man with an 8th grade education. I would begin by explaining that blood pressure is the force that your blood exerts on your arteries.
coronary heart disease Coronary heart disease is when our hearts blood supply is blocked by a build-up of fatty substances in the arteries. Over a period of time our arteries can become blocked by fats. Our arteries will then become narrow causing the amount of blood flow to our heart to be restricted. This can result in angina (chest pains). However if he arteries become completely blocked it can cause a heart attack.
Cushing’s disease is a condition where the pituitary gland releases too much adrenocorticotropic (ACTH). Those who have Cushing’s disease have too much ACTH. ACTH stimulates the production and release of cortisol, Too much ACTH means too much cortisol. Cushing’s disease is caused by a tumor in the pituitary gland. Symptoms of Cushing’s disease include upper body obesity, round, red full face, acne, purple marks called striae, thin skin with easy bruising, backache, bone pain, bone thinning, weak muscles, hair growth on women, irregular menstrual cycle,
When going through ageing, peripheral vision is decreased as the person may need to turn their head to see to the sides. The flexibility of the eye reduces and elderly people take more time to accommodate to changes in light. An elder person may have to give up on driving at nights and may have to place lights evenly around the room. When going through ageing the eye muscles and clouding of the lens degenerate. There are serious cases of vision impairments such as cataracts, glaucoma and blindness between 7% and 15% of older adults.
Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) Congestive Heart Failure or CHF is a severe circulatory congestion due to decreased myocardial contractility, which results in the heart’s inability to pump sufficient blood to meet the body’s needs. In general, causes can be classified according to the following: a. Volume overload may cause the right ventricle to hypertrophy to compensate for added volume. b. Pressure overload usually results from an obstructive lesion, such as COA c. Decrease contractility can result from problems such as sever anemia, asphyxia, heart block and acidemia.
Hormones: Menopause: Menopause is a normal part of ageing. It is not a disease or disorder. Women who have symptoms like hot flashes and night sweats may decide to use hormones like estrogen because of the benefits, but there are also side effects and risks to consider. The menopause also known as the change of life is the end of menstruation. This means a woman's ovaries stop producing an egg every four weeks.
Here are some of the adverse effects associated with anabolic steroid use. In the Cardiovascular system the lipid profile changes, your blood pressure elevates, and you get a decreased myocardial function. The effects on the Endocrine system include Gynecomastia, decrease sperm count, testicular atrophy, and impotence and transient infertility. Dermatological issues include acne and even male pattern baldness. In the Hepatic system you have an increased risk of liver tumors and liver damage.
The traditional risk factors for coronary artery disease are high LDL cholesterol, low HDL cholesterol, high blood pressure, family history, diabetes, smoking, being post-menopausal for women and being older than 45 for men, obesity may also be a risk factor. Once the inner wall of an artery is damaged, fatty deposits (plaques) made of cholesterol and other cellular waste products tend to accumulate at the site of injury in a process called atherosclerosis. If the surface of these plaques breaks or ruptures, blood cells called platelets will clump at the site to try to repair the artery. This clump can block the artery, leading to a heart attack. Lifestyle changes and medicines can help control CAD.
Fibrosis of the liver tissue can occur over time, and may lead to scarring. If the liver becomes scarred, the blood cannot get through the liver at the normal pace. This can create a higher than normal pressure on the portal vein, and this is known as portal hypertension. Some symptoms of liver disease may include enlarged liver or spleen, bruising or bleeding, nausea or belly pain, weight loss or poor weight gain, fluid pooling in the abdomen, and change in color of the stool and how often bowel movements
2006). The ageing persons gait will also change size, for men it will widen and women’s will get narrower, which greatly increases the risk of falls in older females especially. Bone loss is another major problem facing the older adult. As we age loss of bone density and thinning of bone tissue occurs. Martini and Nath (2009) describe this as an age-related loss in