The article also addresses the result of consistent failures in ego control. Ultimately, it was suggested that individuals with SUDs would reveal such failures across a wide range of behaviors and could be measured on a variety of psychological and behavioral tasks (Gottdiener, Murawski, & Kucharski, 2008). Freud states that people who experience painful events didn’t necessarily forget the traumatic event but repressed it into their unconscious meaning that Freud thought that the unconscious was both a cause and effect of repression. He proposed that the unconscious is divided into 3
Part I Different Therapeutic Approaches Listed below are the therapeutic approaches that can be taken in treating a client if the specialist in question assumes them. The client in question needs assistance for the extreme fear that prevents this person from functioning normally in relation to the opposite sex. Psychoanalyst As a psychoanalyst the expert will work on a number of assumptions like that this problem emanates from the clients unconscious thoughts and the fear that he portrays is as a result of hidden problems. In addition, the expert will assume that there concerns that were not addressed in the course of the growing of the client and that treatment will involve facing and dealing with these issues. The expert will let the client relax completely and give revelations of what he went through during his upbringing and what he dreams about.
Freud believed that the mind was like an iceberg with the majority of it being hidden away, he called this the unconscious part of the mind. He believed that people repressed feelings, thoughts and memories that were painful and usually from childhood into the unconscious part of the mind to forget about them, but they would be unaware that those feelings were there. Freud’s psychodynamic theory believed that our behaviour and psychological problems as an adult stemmed from something that happened to us in childhood and that all behaviour had a cause or a reason, he called this psychic determinism. In contrast to the psychodynamic approach behaviourists believe that we are all born a blank slate they use the term ‘Tabula rasa’ to describe this. Behaviourists such as Watson believe that people do not have free will and that our environment determines the way in which we behave, either by reinforcement or a stimulus response.
[3] The reality therapy approach to counseling and problem-solving focuses on the here-and-now actions of the client and the ability to create and choose a better future. Typically, clients seek to discover what they really want and how they are currently choosing to behave in order to achieve these goals. According to Glasser, the social component of psychological disorders has been highly overlooked in the rush to label the population as sick or mentally ill.[4] Reality therapy attempts to separate the client from the behavior. Just because someone is experiencing distress resulting from a social problem does not make him sick; it just makes him out of sync with his psychological
They are genuine feelings based on the self's interactions with the environment and the people in it, at different points in time. Freud, in his psychoanalytic theory, regarded counter-transference as a “block” that can hinder therapy and the therapeutic relationship which may occur when the patient triggers certain feelings or reactions in the therapist based on the therapist’s past experiences and relationships (Winnicott, 1994). Another form of counter-transference, termed ‘projective-identification by Melanie Klein, occurs when “parts of the self and internal objects are split off and projected into the external object, which then becomes possessed by, controlled and identified with the projected parts” (Segal, 1974). A third type of counter-transference which is also the one I choose to base my paper on is a different kind of counter-transference; a more totalistic, objective form, referred to first by Winnicott in his paper “Hate in the Counter-transference”. Winnicott describes it as “an understandable and ‘normal’ reaction to the patient’s actual personality and behavior” which he ten
Sigmund Freud developed an approach on abnormality that highlighted how human personality and psychosexual development in childhood can cause abnormality. Freud proposed that the human personality is made up of three interacting elements: the id, the ego and the super ego. The id is our unconscious it releases natural pleasure seeking instincts and operates to satisfy these instincts through pleasurable activities. The ego represents our conscious self; it tries to balance the id with moral rules proposed by the superego. The superego is our moral authority this developed through identification of our parent’s moral rules and the social norms of society If the ego fails to balance the id and the superego this can lead to conflict and may result in a psychological disorder.
Psychodynamic Approach Sigmund Freud is the founder of the psychodynamic approach. This approach focuses on the unconscious mind to explain behaviour, and also to treat people suffering from mental illness. This approach also looks into our behaviour and feelings as adults, as our childhood experiences and Interpol relationships can explain this. Freud believes that what drives our behaviour is conflict that arises between three parts of our psych, the id, superego and the ego. The three personalities of the psych are usually out of sync with each other.
Sigmund Freud's theory is the psychoanalytic theory unique to a certain point and which it has developed formal models describing the ways in which individuals process information on different levels (Bornstein, 2010). Freud saw dreams as a way of unlocking unconscious thoughts and untold secrets. Sigmund created his theory through the importance of unconscious. Carl Jung accepted the unconscious idea and developed the analytic psychology. Both Freud and Jung were drawn to the unconscious way of explaining dreams.
Genetic inheritance theory is the inherited factors that shape our development and personality. 4. Explain Freud’s concept of the unconscious and why it is important in counselling. Freud's theory of the unconscious mind is based on his idea that there is a pool of unpleasant memories that we store outside of the conscious mind. According to Freud, even though the unconscious is hidden it still continues to sway our behaviours.
The psychodynamic approach evolved from psychoanalysis, founded by Sigmund Freud, who considered that people’s behaviours are influenced by their motives or dynamics. Psychodynamics has three distinctive features or assumptions. That the difficulty a client is having has an origin in their childhood. Secondly, the client is not consciously aware of these affecting their motives and impulses, and lastly that it uses the interpretation of the transference relationship between client and councillor (McLeod, p.91). This essay will now consider these features in more depth.