Outline and evaluate research into attachment privation Privation is when a child fails to form any attachments. A lot of research has been conducted into attachment privation and the effects caused by this lack of attachment. In 1969, Curtis conducted research into the case of Genie; a girl who suffered extreme cruelty from her father, and never formed any attachments. Her father kept her strapped to a high chair with a potty in a seat for most of her childhood. She was beaten if she made any sounds, and she did not have the chance to play with other toys and children.
One thing that could be argued, as I have already touched on, is Catherine’s childhood. Massie constantly refers back to Catherine’s life before royalty with her mother. Catherine’s mother, Johanna, never felt any maternal feelings towards Catherine. She had wanted a son, and when a daughter was born, she was not satisfied. She would give her child to servants to hold and never cared for her.
Psychologists have attributed this to the fact that the privation prevented her from forming an attachment or learning any language skills during the critical period of her life, up to two and a half years of age. A further case study was that of the Czech twins who were locked up by their stepmother. This case differed slightly as they were discovered at the age of seven; and as they had been kept together psychologists believe they may have been able to form some sort of attachment with one another. When they were discovered the twins were unable to talk, however after spending several years with the people who adopted them, the twins went on to become and IT technician and a trainer, and live normal and happy lives. This suggested that the privation for the twins was not long lasting, as they were intellectually equal to most others and had no problems forming relationships.
According to Erikson, identity is a key aspect of adolescent development (Santrock, 2012, p.276). All Tracy’s life she has been without a father figure, aside from her mother’s husband. She knew nothing about her father, due to her mother locking away the memories in her attic. Growing up, Tracy had a missing half of her, a half from her deceased father, which she wished to finally discover so that she would be able to
Her family structure is different than any typical Asian American household because her parents don’t communicate with each other. The reason her mother immigrated to the United States, was because her father saved her from a tragedy that happened during the time he was at China. Ying-Ying never said or objected anything from her husband because when she was younger, she grew up with her baby sitter, Amah, telling her to “never ask, only listen” (pg. 70). Throughout Ying-Ying’s life, she never expressed herself and was quiet most of the time, even around her daughter who was the only person she was able to communicate to in the house.
He did not make eye contact when his name was called. He put toys in his mouth and climbed on things and did not interact socially with anyone. His mother expressed that she felt frustration and negative emotions when she tried to play with him and he wouldn’t respond to her. The nurse and psychologists assessed the child developmental skills can concluded that the child’s developmental age was 19.5 and 15; for locomotion was and motor ability; 15 and 15 for self-help and motor ability; and 10 and 10 for linguistics and comprehension. The child’s joint attention behaviors were measured to be at an 8 month old level at intake (21 months) while the mother’s negative emotions were measured to be at level 12 at intake.
She never learned to be self-reliant. The case of the Walls family is a perfect demonstration of how adversity in one’s life does in fact play a role in the development of their character. Their whole life, Lori, Jeannette, and Brian had to take care of themselves. Some days they would go without food and were forced to eat nothing but butter and sugar because their dad could never hold on to a job for very long and their mother refused to get one because she only wanted to pursue her dream to become an artist. As young kids, when they didn’t have any food, Jeannette would “find something in some other kid’s lunch bag” (Walls 68) at school or “grab something out of the refrigerator” (Walls 68) when visiting a friend’s house.
As a result of the fever, she was left blind and deaf. For the first five years of her life, Helen was unable to communicate with anyone. She often failed to communicate with her family and in turn had uncontrollable tantrums which portrayed her as an unruly, out of control child. Her potential was not seen at this point in her life. When Helen was 6 she was awakened to a world of words and concepts through the teaching methods of her tutor, Anne Sullivan.
The oldest son TS no longer lives at home and works construction and is not married. The youngest has also moved away from the home due to indifferences with the step father. Her relationship with the family is somewhat strained and she does not live close by either. The middle child, MS has recently moved back into the home and has also just given birth to her first son JS. MS had no complications during the pregnancy.
* * 2. What are at least two opinions presented by each side of the critical issue? * * Cotton and Devilly stress that Critical incident stress debriefing (CISD) is not explained properly and research has proven that CISD does not give patients the results needed. * Devilly and Cotton also stated that Critical incident stress management (CISM) is also not properly explained in the treatment of traumatized individuals, which makes the process ineffective (Halgin, 2007). * Mitchell’s opinion is that Devilly and Cotton display a lack of knowledge within the text of CISM because no reference to this literature is stated by the authors.