Stage 1: Your eyes are closed, but it's easy to wake you up and this will last for 5 to 10 minutes. Stage 2: You are in light sleep. Your heart rate slows and your body temperature drops. Your body is getting ready for deep sleep. Stages 3: This is the deep sleep stage.
The Five Stages Of Sleep Stage one: when you close your eyes, your body temperature drops and brainwaves become slower. You start to nod off, falling into a light sleep when stress hormones start to drop. Stage two: you've lost consciousness, your digestion slows down and functions like hearing are put on standby. Stage three: the first phase of deep sleep, which usually occurs within 15 minutes of falling asleep. Your muscles relax, your blood pressure and heart rate fall and your brain produces slow waves.
Outline lifespan changes in sleep It has been found that over a lifespan there are decreases in total sleep time, deep sleep and REM sleep. Also, there are increases in sleep latency (time taken to nod off) and stages 1 & 2 sleep time. Van Cauter et al (2000) carried out a longitudinal sleep study on male participants. Of particular interest was their finding: DEEP SLEEP DETERIORATES IN 2 STAGES. Between 16 and 35 years and between 35 and 50 years During infancy babies sleep more than everyone else and have different sleep patterns.
Growth hormone is secreted pulses during the day but a significant amount is released during. Sassin et al found that sleep waking cycles are reversed by 12 hours, the release of the growth hormone with sleep is also reversed. This shows that growth hormone release is controlled by neural mechanisms related to SWS. Krueger et al found that the lack of SWS has been associated with reduced functioning of the immune system. The immune system consists of various protein molecules which are regenerated during cell growth and protein synthesis in SWS.
Outline and evaluate one or more biological rhythms (12 marks 4+8) An Ultradian rhythm is a biological rhythm that spans less than 24 hours such as the basic rest- activity cycles or the stages of sleep. Sleep consists of five stages and one cycle through these stages lasts for about 90 minutes. The first four stages are known as NREM sleep (non-rapid eye movements) and the fifth stage is called REM sleep (rapid eye movement) Stage one and two are characterised by a relaxed state. EEG shows alpha and theta brain waves during these stages and heart rate slows and temperature drops. Stage 3 and 4 also known as slow wave sleep (SWS) is characterised by delta brain waves, during these stages most of the body’s repair work is undertaken.
Adjustments of the Infant at Birth Chase Carr Biology 333 Human Anatomy and Physiology Dr. Mian Ashraf February 12, 2012 ABSTRACT During pregnancy, the embryo is totally dependent on the mother for its existence. The mother supplies the fetus with oxygen and nutrients, eliminates its carbon dioxide and other wastes, protects it against shocks and temperature changes, and provides antibodies that confer protection against certain harmful microbes. At birth, physiologically mature baby becomes much more self-supporting, and the newborns body systems must make various adjustments. The most dramatic changes occur in the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. The reason that the fetus depends entirely on the mother for obtaining oxygen and eliminating carbon dioxide is that the fetal lungs are either collapsed or partially filled with amniotic fluid.
The best examples of circadian rhythms are body temperature and sleep/waking cycle. The ultradian rhythms have more than one cycle within the 24 hour duration. The prime example of this rhythm is the different stages of sleep i.e. slow-wave sleep to REM sleep during a night’s sleep. There are 5 different stages of sleep and each cycle last approximately 90mins.
Monique H Biology 102 Professor T Hypothesis Body temperature will remain stable for both days Methods Temperature was taken as often as possible, at least 5 times a day for both days. After being in the cold or extra heat, I waited for at least 20 minutes before taking my temperature to ensure accuracy. Results Temperature was somewhat constant on both days around the same times. According to Figure 1.1 body temperature was normally lower in the morning when I awake than during the day when I perform my routine daily activities. Fig 1.1 Time | Temperature | 0830 | 95.6 | 2230 | 95.2 | 0010 | 96.3 | 1330 | 96.5 | 1615 | 96.4 | 1830 | 97.8 | 2138 | 98.5 | 1100 | 95.4 | 0015 | 96.5 | 1455 | 96.8 | 1630 | 97 | 1840 | 97.7 | 2132 | 98.3 | Discussion Temperatures do vary at different times of the day.
Sleep normally occurs in several stages: dreamless periods of light and deep sleep and some periods of active dreaming (REM). This cycle is repeated during the night. AS aging happens most people find it more difficult to fall asleep and stay asleep. Total sleep time may remain or is slightly decreased (6.5 to 7 hours per night). The transition between sleep and wake may be abrupt, giving older people a feeling of being more of a “light sleeper” than they were previously (nih.gov).
State of Consciousness: Sleep Deprivation Circadian rhythm is a regular biological rhythm with a period of approximately 24 hours and is fundamental adaptation. Circadian rhythm is associated with sleep deprivation because of many different factors. When circadian rhythms are disturbed it throws off our biological clocks and hormones, body temperatures, and digestive cycles. When you lose at least an hour of sleep every night, week after week and month after month it makes it more difficult for a person to pay attention and to remember things. It also causes the reaction time to slow down, sometimes behavior becomes unpredictable, ability to make decisions decline.