* Substance-related disorders: when an individual consumes a substance (drugs, alcohol) in amounts which are harmful to themselves or others. * Eating disorders: abnormal eating habits that may involve either insufficient or excessive food intake to the detriment of an individual's physical and mental health * Cognitive disorders: primarily affects learning, memory, perception, and problem solving, for example, amnesia and dementia. 2.2 - explain the key strengths and limitations of the psychiatric classification system * Strengths: · It allows for consistent diagnoses and treatments · Disorders are arranged, organised and described in a particular manner and order. It provides a common language for therapists, doctors, and health care workers worldwide. This aids diagnosis, selection
Outline and Evaluate issues surrounding the classification and diagnosis of Schizophrenia The DSM-IV and the ICD-10 are based on a series of categories. They assume that all mental disorders are distinct from each other, and if you fulfill the relevant criteria you have the disorder. However, some patients show comorbidity, which is where an individual suffers from two or more mental disorders at the same time. This creates problems of reliability and validity in the classification and diagnosis of Schizophrenia. For a classification system to be useful it needs to be reliable.
Anxiety disorders: Is a feeling of unease, such a worry or fear, that can be mild or severe. Psychotic disorders: are mental illnesses that are characterised by psychotic symptoms, which can generally be described as a loss of contact with reality. Substance related disorders: are disorders of dependence, intoxication, abuse, and substance withdrawal caused by various substances, both legal and illegal. Eating disorders: Any of a range of psychological disorders characterised by abnormal or disturbed eating habits such as anorexia nervous. Cognitive disorders: Are a category of mental health disorders that primary affect learning,memory, perception, and problem solving and include; amnesia, dementia and delirium.
Understand Mental Health problems Learning outcome 1- Know the main forms of Mental health. 1.1 Describe the main types of Mental ill health according to the psychiatric classification system. Mood disorders - These disorders, also called affective disorder, involve persistent feelings of sadness or periods of feeling overly happy, or fluctuations from extreme happiness to extreme sadness. The most common mood disorders are depression, mania and bipolar disorder. Personality Disorder - People with personality disorders have extreme and inflexible personality traits that are distressing to the person and/or cause problems in work, school or social relationships.
Unit 4222-366 (DEM 302) Outcome 1 1. Describe how cognitive, functional and emotional changes associated with dementia can affect eating, drinking and nutrition. Firstly I will look at cognitive in reference to eating, drinking and nutrition. Some people with dementia can suffer from clinical depression and this would be a cognitive change, as an affect of depression the appetite of an individual will be affected and this may lead to someone having a small or no appetite and under eating this may lead to malnutrition and dehydration, or someone having an increase appetite which will cause over eating and may lead to someone gaining weight or becoming obese which carries many health conditions. Secondly, functional changes that may occur with someone with dementia is that they may have had a stroke or have weakness in using limbs which would affect them using utensils such as a knife and fork for instance not having the strength to lift the fork to their mouth.
CT261 Understanding Mental Health Problems 1.1 Describe the main types of mental ill health according to the psychiatric (DSM/ICD) classification system;- Mood disorders – affects the individual's moods and are more intense and difficult to manage than normal feelings of sadness or mood swings. They include all types of depression and bipolar disorder. Mood disorders are sometimes referred to as affective disorders. Examples include post natal depression which some women experience after giving birth and Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) experienced by some people in autumn and winter when the days are shorter and there is less sunlight. Mood disorders are thought to be caused by a chemical imbalance in the brain.
12 1.1 Mood disorder is a group of diagnoses in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM IV TR) classification system where a disturbance in the person's mood is hypothesized to be the main underlying feature. [1] The classification is known as mood (affective) disorders in ICD 10. English psychiatrist Henry Maudsley proposed an overarching category of affective disorder. [2] The term was then replaced by mood disorder, as the latter term refers to the underlying or longitudinal emotional state,[3] whereas the former refers to the external expression observed by others. [1] Two groups of mood disorders are broadly recognized; the division is based on whether a manic or hypomanic episode has ever been present.
Understanding mental health problems CMH 302 Outcome 1: know the main forms of mental ill health 1.The main types of mental illness. Anxiety disorders: People with anxiety disorders respond to certain objects or situations with fear and dread, as well as with physical signs of anxiety or nervousness, such as a rapid heartbeat and sweating. An anxiety disorder is diagnosed if the person's response is not appropriate for the situation, if the person cannot control the response, or if the anxiety interferes with normal functioning. Anxiety disorders include generalized anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, and specific phobias. Mood disorders: These disorders, also called affective disorders, involve persistent feelings of sadness or periods of feeling overly happy, or fluctuations from extreme happiness to extreme sadness.
Unfamiliar is not the same as abnormal, distinction between these two is vital to understanding psychopathology and those affected by mental illness. As abnormal psychology evolves and progresses in treatments, therapies, and research the central theme of the six core concepts continues to guide researcher. These six concepts define and provide understanding of abnormality. The concepts also illustrate the range between normal and abnormal behavior of individuals experiencing personality disorders. Another concept is studying cultural and historical relativism in defining and classifying abnormality in relation to environment.
Analyse etiologies of one affective disorder or one eating disorder. The etiology of a disorder refers to the causes of a disorder and how a disorder is defined. The etiology is crucial in diagnosing a disorder and determining appropriate treatment for patients, and may involve either biological, cognitive or sociocultural causes, or a combination of more than one. Depression is an affective disorder, and research has shown depression to be influenced by both biological and environmental factors. Symptoms of depression often include depressed or lowered mood, significant loss of energy or motivation, reduced interest in activities that were previously enjoyed, insomnia, significant weight loss or weight gain, or even suicidal thoughts.