Nefatia Montrose 2/17/12 US History 2 Black History Month Report Olaudah Equiano Olaudah Equiano (also known as Gustavus Vassa) was born in what is now Nigeria in 1745. At the feeble age of Eleven he and his sister were kidnapped from his African village, Eboe, forced to march to the coast and put on board a slave ship. They were shipped “through the arduous Middle Passage of the Atlantic Ocean”, and sold to a British planter. He was eventually resold to Captain Pascal, a British naval officer, as a present for his cousins in London. After ten years of enslavement, assisting as a merchant, and working as a seaman, Equiano purchased his own freedom.
He was enslaved in the Caribbean and America in the late 1700s. From America he was sold to a royal naval officer. With this master he travelled around the world on his ship. His master also taught him how to read and write. He was then sold to a captain in London, who sold him to a rich merchant in the Caribbean.
Rahul Patel Instructor: Raymond Maxey History 1301-057 19 February 2013 Narrative of the 1584 Voyage (Document 1) Arthur Barlowe was an English explorer and sea captain who helped to lead a reconnaissance expedition to Roanoke Island off the coast of present-day North Carolina, preparing for a larger English settlement the following year. Little is known about Barlowe's life other than that by early in the 1580s he was a gentleman-soldier attached to Walter Raleigh's household in London. In 1584, Barlowe and Philip Amadas captained two ships that landed at Roanoke Island in what would become the Virginia Colony. The explorers remained in the region for two months, and upon his return Barlowe produced a report, "The first voyage made to the coastes of America," that appeared in Richard Hakluyt the Younger's Principall Navigations, Voyages and Discoveries of the English Nation, published in 1589. An entertaining narrative, Barlowe's report appears to have been based on a ship's log of the voyage, and the final text may have been reworked by others, including Thomas Hariot, Raleigh's primary assistant, and Raleigh himself.
A Harvard college graduate, Lemann graduated magna cum laude in 1976. Lemann married twice, lived near New York City with his wife, Dominique Browing and their two sons when he wrote “The Promised Land.” They divorced and he later married Judith Anne Shulevitz in 1999. They have a son and daughter. The Book “The Promised Land the Great Black Migration and How It Changed America,” is a National Best Seller written in 1991. It was published in the Untied States by Vintage Books, a division of Random House, Inc., New York and simultaneously in Canada by Random House of Canada Limited, Toronto .
Equiano was kidnapped with his sister when he was eleven-years-old and sold into slavery. Hurrem was also captured when Tartar raiders took Rogatin and given as a gift to Suleiman on the occasion of his accession to the throne. They both overcame their slave status and became well known to others. Equiano purchased his freedom with money from his owner and Hurrem became Suleigman’s legal wife. They were very fortunate compared to other slaves in that time.
Soldiers and sailors popularized tattoos in the 1800’s. In 1841, Edward VII started the royal tattoo obsession. He was the Prince of Wales and the son of Queen Victoria. The first permanent tattoo shop was in New York City. It was set up in 1846 and began a tradition by tattooing military servicemen from both sides of the Civil War.
He was bound and moved to a slave pen owned by James Burch, a slave trader. It was located in the Yellow House, one of several slave markets on the National Mall. This and Robey’s Tavern were located in the area between the present-day buildings housing the Department of Education and the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum, within view of the Capitol. [2] Burch coerced Northup into accepting a new name and past as having been born a slave in Georgia. Burch told Northup that if he were to tell his true story to another person, he would be killed.
Thomas Jennings 1791-1856 Thomas Jennings, born in 1791, was the first African American to be given a patent, on March 3, 1821. Thomas Jennings was awarded his patent for a dry cleaning process (U.S. patent 3306x). At the time, he was operating a dry cleaning business in New York City, and was heavily involved in abolitionist activities. The patent was for a dry-cleaning process called "dry scouring", and he used the initial money he earned from it to purchase freedom from slavery for his family. In 1831, Thomas Jennings became assistant secretary for the First Annual Convention of the People of Color in Philadelphia, PA. Thomas Jennings was a free man when he took out his patent, otherwise he might have had trouble obtaining the patent in his name.
Anastasio Somoza Garcia Anastasio was born in San Marcos, Nicaragua on February 1, 1896. He was born the son of a wealthy coffee planter. As a teenager he was sent to Philadelphia in the US to live with his relatives. While living in Philadelphia he met his future wife Salvadora Sacasa Anastasio joined the Liberal rebellion in 1926 to support Juan Sacasa. After waging a six year battle with General Augusto Sandino the Marines evacuated the country.
On a website called Encyclopedia Virginia, there is an article titled “Slave Ships and The Middle Passage”, by Brendan Wolfe. In this article he states “between 1500 and 1866, Europeans transported to the Americas nearly 12.5 million enslaved Africans, about 1.8 million of whom died on the Middle Passage, their bodies thrown into the Atlantic. The slave ship was the means by which nearly 12.5 million enslaved Africans were transported from Africa to the Americas between 1500 and 1866. Leaving from its home port in Europe, a typical ship made its first passage to the west coast of Africa, trading goods for a full cargo of slaves”. It was in 1661 in Virginia that the first slave law was passed.