Nikko Essay

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Nikko is located in Tochigi Prefecture, approximately 140km north of Tokyo and 35 km west of Utsunomiya. It has the population of 90,071 with 36,134 households. It covers a large area of 1,449.87 km squared and by area is the third largest city in Japan falling behind Takayama and Hamamatsu. During the winter time Nikko is one of the coldest cities in Honshu and is sometimes referred to as the fridge of Kanto. The weather is quite different to other places in the Kanto region of Japan. Nikko has cold, snowy winters and predominantly mild, very wet summers. While other cities in the Kanto region are for winter, cold and for summer, very hot. Shodo Shonin was a Buddhist priest who introduced Buddhism to Nikko and then founded Rinnoji in 766. This was followed by the temple chuzenji in 784. The village of Nikko then developed around these temples. In 1617 the shrine of Nikko Toshugu was founded and drew in many visitors to Nikko during the Edo period. Because of all the visitors coming through to Nikko many more roads were made to make the journey easier from surrounding places. During the Meiji period Nikko developed as a mountain resort, and so became particularly popular with foreign visoters. Because of this in 1890 the Japanese National Railways began service to Nikko with the Nikko Line. In 1889 Nikko was incorporated as a town, part of Kamitsuga District. In 1994 it was upgraded to city status after merging with the neighbouring village of Okorogawa. On March 20 2006 Nikko then merged with Imachi, Ashio, Fugiharand and Kuriyama to create what is now the new city of Nikko. Nikko is most famous for the mausoleums of the Tokugawa shoguns, which are on the UNESCO World Heritage List. Nikko has been a sacred place since the 8th century, when a Buddhist hermitage was established here. In time, it became prominent for its training centers for Buddhist priests.

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