This can affect planning as practitioners may have to think and plan activities for children where there is a possibility that positive and negative reinforcements can be put into action in the setting, for example; praising the child when they have achieved and giving children time outs think about what they have done ‘Skinner divided the consequences of actions into three groups; Positive reinforcers, negative reinforcers and punishments’ (Tassoni, P, et al, 2007: 84). Albert Bandura’s social learning theory states that he believed children’s; parents, family, friends and teachers should be powerful role models and figures for children to imitate, for example; behaving in a way that promotes acceptable behaviour in the setting. This can affect the planning and provision of learning opportunities for children in a setting as practitioners will have to plan activities and experiences for children that will enable them and will encourage them to socialise and communicate with other children and staff ‘In social learning theory Albert Bandura (1977) states behaviour is learned from the environment through the process of observational
Tassoni. P (2007) says that “we need to work as part of a team to provide a quality service for children and their parents”. We also need to work with the parents and show respect towards them and encourage parent’s involvement within the setting. Tassoni says that “early years setting will have a management structure which should clarify practitioner’s responsibilities”. A responsibility practitioners have is to make sure the health of the child is paramount this could be by preventing hazards and carrying out risk assessments and safety checks.
Bowlby argued that the attachment behaviours in both caregivers and babies evolved ensuring the survival of the baby until maturity and reproduce. Babies produce instincts like crying and smiling which encourages the caregiver to look after it. Parents especial mothers as per to Bowlby have instincts to protect their baby from harm and nurture them ensuring their survival until maturity. Those babies and mother who don’t possess these behaviours have been less successful. A second most important concept in Bowlby’s theory was the idea of monotrophy a single attachment to one person who is most important to the baby.
As pupils may lose interest in lessons, it may cause problem for forthcoming activities you may break down activities that need doing and explain things rather than children losing interest from learning. Another example to control behaviour in your classroom is to set up an rewards system for children as this will encourage them to earn rewards and be recognised for their good deeds. Another skill that supports work with children is commitment and enabling yourself to work well in a team. To work with children, you must have a passion and be prepared to commit yourself to children and their work in order to help them learn and succeed. As working with children will not be easy in aspects of planning, teaching etc.
Parents or carers can struggle to cope if their child is a victim of bullying. Some parents or carers have to deal with the fact that their child is the bully. This can be upsetting for them too. Discussing what has happened with them can help deal with what will happen next. It can provide a plan on how to deal with the child’s behaviour.
This paper will assess the relevance of any three key ideas of social learning theory to teaching and learning which are observational learning, imitation, and modeling 1. Observational Learning According to Bandura (1997) social learning theory is the learning process whereby people retain behavior patterns from observing others, and the person is enabled to pass on these patterns of behaviour to others. This theory emphasizes on the importance of observing and modeling the behaviors, attitudes, and emotional reactions of others. He states that learning would be exceedingly difficult and hazardous, if people had to rely solely on the effects of their own actions to inform them what to do. Fortunately, most human behavior is learned observationally through modeling; from observing others, one forms an idea of how new behaviors are performed, and on later occasions this coded information serves as a guide for future actions.
In addition, children will learn to argue with each other the same way their parents do. So a good parent must behave in order for his kids to do the same. Secondly, a good parent must have a good attitude. I believe that a reasonable attitude makes a child feel pleasant about the teaching of his parent. For example, when a child acts in a harmful manner, a good parent tells him that such behavior is unacceptable, suggest alternatives, explains this to him and avoids statements such as “You were bad”.
The child may learn how to assert him or herself. The therapy may involve learning to change thoughts or beliefs about the trauma that are not correct or true. For example, after a trauma, a child may start thinking, "the world is totally unsafe." Some may question whether children should be asked to think about and remember events that scared them. However, this type of treatment approach is useful when children are distressed by memories of the trauma.
We all start out as children learning from out parents/guardians about the ways of life. A parent can affect their children in a positive or negative way depending on the parenting style used, environment they choose to raise their children in, and the other influences the child is allowed to be around to learn from. Although, some children no matter what types of a negative or positive learning environment they are in can do the totally opposite. For example a young child that grows up with an abusive parent, bad neighborhood, and negative group of friends can choose a totally different path for themselves and end up with a positive outcome in the end. The outcome of the child’s future can be positive or negative, depending on the individual’s choice to either use their childhood experiences as their path in life or to use these experiences as examples to learn from in their future.
In Cognitive learning individuals learn by listening, watching, touching, reading, and others actions. Cognitive learning focuses on how each of these components is affected by morals and the surrounding environment. According to the cognitive theory, it is very important to change a person’s thoughts and beliefs in order to change his or her behavior. Social learning theory is considered to be the direct link between behaviorist and social cognitive learning. Therefore; there are two important components of cognitive learning and they are social cognitive and cognitive behaviorism.