Reaction rate is affected by any catalysts present (which speed up the reaction usually with an intermediate step), temperature (increases the number of particles collisions), concentration (increases the number of collisions), and surface area (increases the space available for collisions). Reactions can only occur when collisions take place. The most generic form of the rate law is Rate = K * [A]m * [B]n where (k is a constant specific to an equation and temperature). Now, the compounds A and B might not have any effect on the rate, which would cause them to drop out of the equation completely, or they might have so much effect that they are raised an order (squaring the concentration). The rate law for this reaction is k [CV+]m[OH-]n. Since the hydroxide ion concentration at the beginning is about 1000 times larger than the concentration of crystal violet, [OH-] will not change that much during this
The variable that affects osmotic pressure is You correctly answered: a. the concentration of nondiffusing solutes. 4. The net movement of water would be into the cell in a You correctly answered: b. hypotonic solution. page 1 Experiment Results Predict Question: Predict Question 1: What effect do you think increasing the Na+ Cl- concentration will have? Your answer : a. increased osmotic pressure Predict Question 2: What do you think will be the pressure result of the current experimental conditions?
Polycythemia is an increase in red blood cells, which would increase the viscosity and decrease flow. ACTIVITY 3 Studying the Effect of Blood Vessel Length on Blood Flow Rate 1. Which is more likely to occur, a change in blood vessel radius or a change in blood vessel length? Explain why. Increase in blood vessel radius is more likely to occur.
physioex 9.0 Review Sheet Exercise 3 Neurophysiology of Nerve Impulses Name _Jasmine Talley________ Lab Time/Date __11/6/13____ Activity 1 The Resting Membrane Potential 1. Explain why increasing extracellular K+ reduces the net diffusion of K+ out of the neuron through the K+ leak channels. By increasing the extracellular K+ there is efflux and also influx into the cell which increases the tendency of the cell to depolarize.___ 2. Explain why increasing extracellular K+ causes the membrane potential to change to a less negative value. How well did the results compare with your prediction?
(2) Concentration. An increase in concentration the greater and faster the reaction. This is because if the solution is more concentrated, it will increase the number of molecular collisions. (3) Surface area. If the solid reactant is crushed up into smaller pieces, it will increase the total surface areas, which means there are more particles to react with the other reactant in the solution.
Computer Additivity of Heats of Reaction: Hess’s Law 18 (1) Solid sodium hydroxide dissolves in water to form an aqueous solution of ions. (2) Solid sodium hydroxide reacts with aqueous hydrochloric acid to form water and an aqueous solution of sodium chloride. NaOH(s) + H+(aq) ) + Cl–(aq) → H2O(l) + Na+(aq) + Cl–(aq) ∆H2 = ? OBJECTIVES • • • • In this experiment, you will Combine equations for two reactions to obtain the equation for a third reaction. Use a calorimeter to measure the temperature change in each of three reactions.
Research Question: How does the adrenaline affect on the heartbeat of daphnia? Thesis: Adrenaline increases the daphnia's heart rate. The hormone circulates through the daphnia's blood and activates cell surface receptors in what is commonly called a pacemaker, or the sinoatrial node, which increases the rate of blood the heart ejects per minute. Noradrenaline, another hormone, and caffeine, a chemical, have the same effect. Apparatus and chemicals: Chemicals: Culture of water flea – Daphnia Chemicals that may affect the heart rate – at low concentrations( in that design that chemical would be adrenaline.
Ligand gated - Voltage gated - Mechanically gated - 8. a. Describe the function of the Sodium/Potassium pump. b. How does the sodium/potassium pump action maintain the membrane potential? Resting Membrane Potentials 9.
ADP and Pi then recombine and cause the protein to revert back to its original shape. This process means that molecules can move against a concentration gradient so more glucose and other substances can be fully absorbed. Active transport is also used in neurone cells to maintain a resting potential where the outside of the cell is positively charged compared to the inside. The sodium Potassium pump moves 3 sodium ions out of the neurone for every 2 potassium ions moved in. This is against the concentration gradient so requires ATP to move them via active transport.
A mixture of Br-, Cl- and PO43- ions was subjected to an anionic column packed with polym-N(CH3)3+OH-, eluted with 9mM sodium carbonate. (i) Arrange the above analyte ions in order of increasing retention time in the anionic column. (3 marks) (ii) Describe how the analyte ions were separated in the anionic column according to order of retention time answered in part (2)(i). (8 marks) 3. An unknown compound is irradiated with an excitation photon.