b. the environment. c. intelligent design. d. Both A and B Answer: d Page: 220 Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge Difficulty: Low APA Goal: Goal 1: Knowledge Base of Psychology 3. Recall the discussion of ongoing controversies in Chapter 1 of your text, as well as the opening discussion of developmental psychology in Chapter 9. Which of the following intellectual issues would seem MOST relevant to developmental psychology?
Theorists and Theories The twentieth century was witness to the ground-breaking work of psychologists Piaget, Vygotsky, Erikson, Kohlberg and Gilligan. Each focused on cognitive development, with the latter two branching out into the area of individual moral development. The theories of the latter four were each strongly influenced or deeply in dialogue with Piaget’s, while at the same time offering new, clear vision and insight into the unseen processes of -as Jensen would say- “what the brain does”: the mind (Jensen, 1998) Jean Piaget considered himself a “genetic epistemologist” (Smith, 2000). Whereas in current English, the term genetic refers to the study of heredity and DNA, Piaget could more intelligibly be called today, a psychologist who concerned himself with the biological basis for learning and development. His theoretical base stated that humans are born with a base programming, or set of instincts, such as the nursing impulse.
Running head: Piaget, Vygotsky, and Erikson Piaget, Vygotsky, and Erikson Introduction The purpose of this article review is to summarize three articles. The articles this article review will summarize are Piaget’s Equilibration Theory and the Young Gifted Child: A Balancing Act, Vygotsky’s Theory in the Classroom: Introduction, and Gifted Children and Erikson’s Theory of Psychosocial Development. These articles touch on the major theories of Jean Piaget, Vygotsky, and Erik Erikson’s and educational implications for each. Each psychologists contributed to psychology, although Vygotsky’s work was not recognized until 1960, there work were often the build blocks for cognitive, social, and cultural development. Piaget’s Equilibration Theory and the Young Gifted Child: A Balancing Act.
The Bible warns us that our influences can change our behaviors (see 1 Corinthians 15:33). Therefore, I do believe that our personality, intelligence, and other factors are partly genetically influenced, but I also believe that environments in which we are placed are also responsible for shaping us as well. History of the Nature Versus Nurture Issue The debate over nature vs. nurture is an ancient one (Myers, 2013, p. 6). The
Life-Span Development Issue: Nature Versus Nurture The controversy of nature versus nurture has been ongoing for many years and has affected many areas of study, including life-span development. One may ask why argue over the issue of nature versus nurture. In a case in which a child is seen to have some type of development issue parents are quick to place blame on biological factors. On the other hand, scientists are quick to place blame on the parents, but in most situations scientists know that the answer is most likely a combination of both nature and nurture (Sameroff, 2010). Nature Versus Nurture Defined Nature versus nurture is a debate between scientists and researchers about which is the most influential in human development: nature or nurture?
An Analytical Look at Nature vs. Nurture Stephanie Thorne Liberty University Abstract Nature or nurture? That is the question. Heredity versus environmental factors responsible for the development of one’s personal characteristics and identity, from psychical traits to extraneous talents. For purposes of researching the topic nature versus nurture, this paper will examine three journal articles engaged in relevant argument of each side. “Genes and gender roles: Why is the nature argument so appealing?”, written by P.Y.
Their basic assumption is that the characteristics of the human species as a whole are a product of evolution and that individual differences are due to each person’s unique genetic code. Environmentalists hold the assumption that at birth, the human mind is a “blank slate,” and that this is gradually filled as a result of experience. From this point of view, psychological characteristics and behavioral differences that emerge through infancy and childhood are the result of learning. It is how you are brought up that governs the psychologically significant aspects of child development” (McLeod, 2007). HOW HAS CURRENT THEORY BEEN INFLUENCED BY THE NATURE VS. NURTURE CONTROVERSY?
Pia- get emphasizes the importance of ' which ' Jit on back 3 1148 003274107 IAP 21 Wl APR 2? 19?? JUN 7 1980 18 1 1981 198J 136*72 Piaget The origins of intelligence in children r A Tr . Tfce- lni;elligence in Children THE ORIGINS OF INTELLIGENCE IN CHILDREN JEAN PIAGET Translated by MARGARET COOK INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITIES New York PRESS, INC. New York Copyright 1952, by International Universities Press, Inc. Second Printing, October, 1956 Third Printing, March, 1965 Manufactured in the United States of America CONTENTS Foreword ......... Introduction ix THE BIOLOGICAL PROBLEM OF INTELLIGENCE 1. 1 2.
In other words, what influences human development more, inheritance, or experience? For many years, theorists have argued about the role nature and nurture play in shaping a person’s identity. In the past, some claimed that a person’s genetic traits encoded the characteristics they would acquire and others asserted that environmental factors and emotional events were more influential in shaping a person’s personality. Today, however, most people agree that both nature and nurture equally affect development and shape personalities. In fact, “a growing number regard heredity and environment as inseparably interwoven, each affecting the potential of the other…” (Berk, 2010, p. 5).
This is different from a conversational comment that someone has a great personality because theorist work at addressing the “what”, “how”, and “why” of personality. For example, individuals tend to formulate informal assessment of a person’s personality like the person is energetic, aggressive, or stubborn. Personality causes individuals to respond in certain ways as it influences their respond to the environment. Psychologists on the other hand, apply ideas of personality that can be applied to everyone. On a psychological view, personality is thought to be affected by biological processes and needs (Cervone & Pervin, 2010).