The “Dark Figure of Crime” is the amount of underreported as well as unreported criminal crimes that society does not report to authority. In this case, unreported crimes do not make it to the statistics of official crime. One believes that some people in society are hesitant to report a crime to police for numerous reasons. These reasons can be because of the act of negative criminal behavior from one individual to another. A few common unreported crimes that deal with negative sexual related criminal behavior toward another individual are visible.
Prosecutors can sometimes get away with misconduct as it is extremely difficult to prove that misconduct had actually taken place. Often times the prosecutor is viewed as being on the side of justice and as a result it is difficult for the defendant (who is accused of a crime) to turn the tide against the prosecution. Although during the trial both the defense as well as the judge may report a prosecutor for misconduct, this rarely happens as these reports are often dismissed. This is because as long as the prosecutions misconduct does not affect the outcome of the case, then it is tolerated, meaning that a prosecutor can harass a witness or the defendant so long as the harassment did not have anything to do with the outcome of the trial. The fact that the prosecutor works in the interests of the state can be seen as the underlying factor here.
In other crime types once the intent is created it is followed by the execution of the act. The intent and act is not misinterpreted. In contrast, due to the element of disguise in white-collar crime the intent is blurred and frequently can only be obtained by interpretation. (Stephen Rosoff, 2010) White-collar criminals can only be successful if the victim is ignorant and negligent. Key differences between white-collar crime and other types of crime is that white-collar crime generally requires the victim to comply in being victimized in contrast to murder, robbery, assault or rape.
‘Outline and explain ways in which data about crime is collected’ Crime can be defined as deviant activities that break the law in any particular society. Finding out how much crime takes place isn’t easy, and attempts to measure crime can prove misleading. This doesn’t mean that crime statistics aren’t affective, but it does mean that no single measure can be fully relied upon. Many sociologists see crime statistics as a social construction, as collecting crime data is a result of the cultural expectations of society, and by understanding who commits crime and what sorts of crimes are committed, we can get a clearer picture of why people commit crime in the first place. Different sociologists have presented different theories and concepts to explain what drives a person to commit a crime, and research and statistics give us an idea of the type of crimes committed and the places that they’re most likely to occur.
But in contrast there are very different at the same time. The crime control model is used in the criminal justice system for the prevention of crime. The crime control does not exclude that is possible to make a mistake, but based on the circumstances of the laws, the person is considered guilty until her or she is proven innocent. This model is based on old fashion laws which allow rapid and speedy convictions despite the mitigating factors of the case and the victim. The results, of the crime control model are wrongful convictions, being over-turned and this is a major downfall in the criminal justice system.
A criminal or potential criminal will not volunteer this information willingly. This also falls into a civil matter where one does not have to provide personal information because it is a violation of one’s privacy, according to the Constitution. The chances of an identifier being incorrect are almost zero because each person has a distinct value or trait, making it hard to deny. Finger- printing and hand scans are accurate and distinct and require very little computer space this also provides access for many law enforcement officers to deal with unresolved case. Retina or iris scans are high in accuracy for identifying a person but is not commonly used among identifying criminals.
Classification also presents difficulties. Less focused surveys shift responsibility for the definition of the events to the respondent, and without the equivalent of police procedures the resulting reports are far from uniform. In addition victims determine whether the incident was a crime, not the law. The survey only provides information about the experience of victims, not information about the crime. There is no way to validate whether an individual’s account is true or false.
The greatest factor that probably decides whether a group is a cult or a religious organization is criminal behavior such as murder, rape, abduction, and weapons stockpiling. Other characteristics that differentiate a cult from a religious organization are that cults will retaliate against those who have
A human being having a guilty mind “mens rea” planning or knowingly they were going to commit such a crime is sufficient definition to what criminal homicide is. Criminal homicide is criminal because it is a crime committed by an obvious criminal. However, from a legal aspect the “mens rea” and “ actus reus” would have to definitely happen or occur at the same time the homicide takes place, legally called concurrence in order for it to be a legal criminal
Justice is more admirable than medicine or business, so it confers most benefit. 478b 47. Best is to be moral, next best to be cured of immorality, and immorality is worst. 478e 48. Criminals avoid punishment as patients fear treatment, because they don’t properly understand health.