Economy was an initiative to stop prevents people from supporting Great Britain. Farmers were given pre-emption rights which would increase the economy (Doc E). The new government built after the American Revolution was built on the foundation of fundamental economic interests (Doc H). The American Revolution was Revolutionary by bringing social changes. There were new relationships between people of different classes.
The colonist of America to their self no bigger believed they were or wanted to be British citizens so the Americans dragged Britain in 1775 by starting the revolution and the creating their own government in 1776. The French revolution on the other hand was start by a group out of the third estate made of merchants, artisans and professional known as the bourgeoisie. The bourgeoisie brake out in revolution due to tour major events: desire for a wider political role, the wish for -restraints on the power of clergy, monarchy and aristocracy, population growth and the Poor harvest of 1787-1788. The methods taken by the Americans and the French to achieve revolution were just as different as the causes of each revolution. On the American
Account for the growth of liberal government in Europe during the period 1815-1914 At the beginning of the nineteenth-century, a war was on-going between liberals and those in aristocratic/monarchical rule. Liberalist movements at their heart contained 3 main elements; the belief in a constitutional and parliamentary government, a desire for the protection of private property in a free market, and the want for the separation of religious authority from political authority (Gould, 1998). Yet at that time, Europe was the complete opposite of the way liberals felt that it should be, with monarchs, aristocrats and clergy men predominantly in power, the poorer and middle class had barely little access to their rights, freedoms and few or no privileges. The French Revolution of 1789 began to change all of that, followed closely by the Revolutions of 1830 and 1848. All three Revolutions played significant part in what came to be a significantly liberalist Europe, including Industrialisation.
Politically, conversatism consisted of the hereditary monarchy, a democracy that was rejected, and political decisions made by the monarch and his personal advisors. Liberalism favored the governments that were based on constitutions and separation of powers. It was a supporter of a republican government, or a constitutional monarchy where the ruler is elected by the people. Socially, conservatism wanted social order, much like the Three Estates System, while liberalism defended the natural rights of all people to liberty, equality, and property. The Industrial Revolution was rejected by the conservatives because it brought more power to the bourgeoisie, who owned the means of production, while it weakened the nobles.
The monarchy treated its states people terribly and they were fed up, this is how the revolutionaries came to be, in general the revolutionaries were to an extent successful because they overthrew the monarchies however they were then beaten by the Austrian reinforcements that the monarchy asked help from. Mazzini was born in 1805 in Genoa; he became a nationalist after witnessing the Piedmontese refugee revolutionaries. I will be arguing whether or not Mazzini’s limited appeal was the main reason for the slow progress of national unity or whether it was down to the weak armies, little communication or with Metternia’s army. Mazzini believed that every man was equal which is why he was very unpopular with the middle, upper and aristocratic members of society as they did not wish to lose their power, influence and money. This made it difficult for Mazzini to obtain national unification as a majority of powerful and influential people in Italy were against his ideologies, this meant that the progress of national unification was very slow as a large amount of people opposed his views.
The bulk of the opposition looked across to Europe where they saw constitutional monarchies leading countries forward into prosperity, whereas Lenin (inspired by Chernyshevsky’s book ‘What is to be done’) studied Marxist theory which promoted the idea of socialism via a dictatorship of the proletariat. The first main success of political opposition is widely considered to be the assassination of Alexander II at the hands of the People’s Will in 1881. Although assassinating the Emperor is an extraordinary feat it is hotly debated whether or not this event helped the opposition achieve their aims (presumably greater political freedom/democracy). On the eve of his death Alexander II was willing to consider Loris Melikov’s proposal of the public playing a more prominent role in directing administrative and financial policy. Furthermore, the assassination caused Alexander III and Konstantin Pobedonostev to inaugurate an age of constant political reaction in which many counter-reforms were created to limit the impact of the Great Reforms in the 1860’s (for example the University Statute of 1884 concerning autonomy of higher education replaced the much more progressive statute of 1863).
methods and influenced the development of European costume throughout the continent, extending to the Americas.” (page 2) “Inspired by the First Empire and coinciding with a narrower fashion period referred to as the Director that ranged from 1790 to 1800, the Empire era lasted from 1790 to 1820. This also known as neoclassical style, this fashion period developed from the political rule of a “Directory” in France following the French Revolution.” (page 1) “The Empire style originated because Napoleon wanted to revive the luxury and republican ideals of ancient Greece and Rome with their classical columns, moldings, and motifs. This
The Metternich system (conservatives) gave the power back to the Nobility and the Clergy, leaving nothing for the bourgeoisie. After the congress of Vienna, the power was given back to the Nobility and the Clergy, therefore, extinguishing the idea of freedom-bringing change to Europe. Answer for Question #2: I think that these revolutions in 1830 and 1848 broke out in France partially because the French people are short-tempered and everything during these times happens in France first, but mainly because at those two times, the people of France didn’t like what their rulers were doing so they revolted. At the time of the 1830 revolution, the radical Charles X was in charge. He had complete power and with that power he forced Catholicism and raised taxes on the bourgeoisie to give money to the nobility and the clergy.
Enlightenment thinkers began to revolutionize the way of thinking around the world, particularly in France and America, changing the ways people thought about life during the late eighteenth century. The American Revolution began by the reason of taxation without representation. The French aided the Americans in their war, evoking ideas that France should have equality and justice as well. On the account of the Americans did influence France, their revolutions had many comparable qualities, as well as opposing characteristics. Both regions had several things in common, such as unjust rulers and desire of equality and freedom for peasants and nobles, although they had major differences on how they went about winning their revolution and what they were fighting for.
Causes of the French Revolution France in 1789 was one of the richest and most powerful nations in Europe. Only in Great Britain and the Netherlands did the common people have more freedom and less chance of arbitrary punishment. Nonetheless, a popular rebellion would bring the regime of King Louis XVI of France under the control of a constitution, then it would depose, imprison, try, and execute the king and, later, his wife Marie Antoinette. Many factors led to the revolution; to some extent the old order succumbed to its own rigidity in the face of a changing world; to some extent, it fell to the ambitions of a rising bourgeoisie, allied with aggrieved peasants and wage-earners and with individuals of all classes who were influenced by the ideas of the Enlightenment. As the revolution proceeded and as power devolved from the monarchy to legislative bodies, the conflicting interests of these initially allied groups would become the source of conflict and bloodshed.