Muscular Dystrophy Muscular Dystrophy is a genetic disorder that weakens the muscles that help the body move. People that have muscular dystrophy have missing or incorrect information in their genes, which prevents them from making proteins for healthy muscles. Muscular Dystrophy weakens the muscles overtime, so whoever has the disease gradually lose the ability to do certain things, like walking or sitting up. Some people develop muscular dystrophy as adults, or they start having muscular problems as a baby. There are several different forms of muscular dystrophy, each of which weakens different muscle groups in various ways.
When we get old our lenses changes and become hard and cloudy and it gets stop by cataracts from changing shape or transmit light. Hearing: - older people find it very hard because of the nerves cell in the inner ear may decrease and from the wax in the outer ear that prevent them to hear. Menopause Menopause is a normal part of ageing. It is not a disease or disorder. Women who have symptoms like hot flashes and night sweats may decide to use hormones like estrogen because of the benefits, but there are also side effects and risks to consider.
In general, a brain affected by Dementia produces less of some neurotransmitter. which sets off an imbalance in the brain. For Example, In Alzheimer's, Too little Dopamine effects the acetylcholine levels in the body and starts to block receptors , disabling the brain to reach the right signal to the intended brain cell. Amino Acids, Monoamines, Trace amines, Peptides and Gasotransmitters are some of the endogenous chemicals who’s function it is to allow the transmission of signals from one neuron to the next neuron across the synaptic Cleft. Only 100 chemical messengers have been found to date.
When people take steroids their muscles get used to it, and then if they stop, their muscles get very weak. It’s extremely bad for your muscles. The opposing view is arguing because they think the government should not have the right to tell them how to treat their own bodies. They believe that steroid use should be
Caffeine has a tendency to block adenosine (A1-, A2A-, A2B-, A3), which increases throughout the day to allow us to sleep and then decreases as we sleep which allows us to wake. Thus, if caffeine blocks adenosine we are unable to sleep when feeling the urge or wanting to sleep, which may cause us to decrease our caffeine intake. Caffeine acts to antagonize adenosine receptors, which then affects cell populations because it counteracts many adenosine effects. The caffeine mainly has an effect on the A2a adenosine receptors which then elevates the energy metabolism in the brain and also causes a decrease in cerebral blood flow (Cameron,et.al, 1990; Ghelardini, et.al, 1997; Nehliget.al,1992; Neuhauser-Berthold et.al, 1997). Along with caffeine affecting the adenosine it also has an effect on GABA receptors and the release of dopamine (Nehlig et.al, 1992).
Antidepressants on the other hand by balancing neurotransmitters such as serotonin and epinephrine witch can cause depression if not sufficiently balanced. Anxiolytic drugs are used to combat anxiety disorders one drug in this field is benzodiazepines (Bzs) they work by releasing more (GABA) witch slows down the nerve transmission calming people down. This drug is effective in areas such as phobias. Another biological therapy is ECT, it is a surgical based treatment commonly used on manic depressives who haven’t responded to antidepressants. This treatment is administrated to a patient by putting a patient into an unconscious state then passing a current of 0.6 amps through the brain.
With deficiency of aldolase B, fructose continues to be converted to F-1-P and results to a build up. • F-1-P also signals glucokinase to stay in the cell’s cytoplasm and continue to make Glucose-1-phosphate. • Phosphate stores gets depleted slowing ATP synthesis and gluconeogenesis is also delayed leading to a drop in blood sugar • Hypoglycemia hence manifest as nausea and vomiting, lethargy, trembling, coma, sweating, restlessness etc ATP Synthase • ATP synthase as an enzyme gives the cell energy necessary to make ATP (adenosine triphosphate) from ADP and phosphate • This is accomplished by creation of a transmembrane proton gradient as a result of electron transfer by NADH and FADH to the major complexes in electron transfer chain. H+ is pumped across the membrane. • As H+ re-crosses the membrane when the mechanism is reversed, ATP synthase takes the energy from H+ and use it in ATP
An experimental study shows that high sensitivity to gluten that directly related to inflammation, exercising also found to be helpful in reducing the effect. The causes of this syndrome can be blurred vision, ringing in the ears, crops of mouth sores, being thirsty. It can cause damage to the liver, pancreas, spleen, kidneys, and lymph nodes. Up to five percent of patients develop a blood disorder, particularly
A lack of serotonin may result in low self-esteem, depression and aggression. Melatonin is controlling when you wake up and your sleeping cycle. Epinephrine gets the body moving in situations that require instant action, such as those involving fear or danger. Endorphins are chemical groups that are produced by the hypophysis and the hypothalamus. The hypophysis releases beta-endorphin in the blood stream and the bone marrow.
Sleeplessness results in hormonal changes that increase appetite and cravings for energy-dense foods. Lack of sleep also reduces the extent of growth. This is due, mainly, to reduced secretions of the cortisol hormone. It may also result in other problems such as reduced immunity and poor digestion. Reduced immunity, in turn, makes the person susceptible to a great number of diseases that weaken the body to a great extent and hence, the overall growth reduces.