He believed there should be a smychka (alliance) between peasants and workers (didn’t want to create differences between them.) • Trotsky wanted to abolish the NEP- Resented the fact that much of the USSR’s industry was under the direct control of the government. Hated the NEPMEN (traders who made large profits from the NEP.) Wanted to end the inequality between poor peasants and kulaks. Wanted to abolish private farms and introduce collective farming.
Mao criticised Khrushchev for his policies such as de-Stalinisation and his secret speech. He was also very critical of the policy of Peaceful Coexistence as he believed it was a way of being friendly with the United States (the enemy) and also Mao saw it abandoning millions of comrades struggling to free themselves of capitalist and imperialist oppression. This, therefore, made the USSR an ‘enemy’. How could two countries work together if they had such differing beliefs about how to run their countries? This problem had a big contribution to the split as they couldn’t agree on anything, and if they did, it was because their national interests were at risk.
These views are expressed in his two key works, A Concise History of the Russian Revolution (published in 1995) and Russia Under the Bolshevik Regime 1919-1924 (published in 1994). Pipe’s believes that Lenin was primarily responsible for the success of the uprising, even though Pipe’s recognizes Lenin’s role as the most important, he still hypocritically called Lenin’s April Theses “totally out of touch with reality, if not positively mad” despite the fact that this theses played a huge role in the Lenin and Bolshevik uprising. Pipe’s also believes that Trotsky just carried out Lenin’s commands. However the role or Trotsky and his actions before the October revolution were very evidently done on his own accord, with Lenin accompanying Trotsky in his decisions. In early October, 1917, Trotsky was elected
This surprised the citizens of both countries and the rest of the world because of the open hostility between the two. To calm the Russian people, the government tried to convince them that the Nazis had not done all of the things that they had been accused of. In this propaganda, they denounced Germany’s enemies, the Allies. However, tensions between Germany and the Soviet Union were too
According to few Hellenes, people who had the evil or had injured the empire by private actions have no nobler cause in terms of their deed to fight for the country. They were dishonored because of their bad fame. Thucydides persuaded by point out that all the citizens knew the advantages of a brave defense. On the battlefield, they became glorified because of their fearless spirit and ran away from the word of dishonor. The speaker also interpreted the word of dishonor by comparing the contribution which the dead made and the evil they did.
Many critics of Orwell state that the main fear which surrounds this piece of literature is that of the ever growing fear of Stalinist Russia during the mid - 20th century, he is an author who despised the idea of totalitarianism and conformity in any shape or form ; such a communist society is presented clearly in 1984. Nevertheless, other frightful influences can be seen acknowledged by Orwell, providing us with the idea that Stalinist Russia was not his only fear for the future. When we examine the opinions and life of George Orwell, it is not so surprising that Stalinist Russia can be seen as his biggest fear for the world during the 19th century. It employs implements all ideas of a dictatorship and still manages to call itself a equal and self-righteous society, which is exactly what Orwell feels uneasy about as it treats the people as if they were cattle. This opinion is expressed within George Orwell's own letter (1944) as he talks of the "strengthening Stalin" and the idea that many countries during their time seemed to take a "non-democratic" form of government.
Calleigh Fife Mr. Hunt History 7/9/11 ‘The emancipation of the serfs and Alexander II’s other reforms made little real difference to Russian politics and society.’ Discuss. The country was in a state of total disarray, for the Crimean war was lost, the Czar had died, and the issue of feudalism hung over the people like a black cloud, able to pour down on them at any second. The loss of the Crimean war brought to perspective that Russia was in fact, a backward, old-world, feudal country that needed change. This was realized by the new Czar, Alexander Nikolaevich II, who believed that in order to maintain the autocracy’s control, it was better to end serfdom from above, by means of legislation, than to await the inevitable eradication
Many animals also died from lack of care when the owners left or died of the disease, sheep and cattle roamed about, wandering in fields and through the growing harvest, and there was no one to drive them off or collect them; but in ditches and thickets they die in innumerable quantities in every part, for lack of guardians; for so great a dearth of servants and labourers existed that no one knew what to do. As there was no one to remove the sick or dead animals from the herd, diseases would have run rampant killing as much as the plague killed humans (Gasquet, 1908, pp. 163). Both of these things together, the loss of crops and cattle, eventually led to an increase in malnutrition and starvation on a large scale. Starvation is not where it stops though.
Stalin’s terror was not limited to the party and extended and he condemned intellectuals for being “anti-Soviet”. During the 1917 revolution, there was little to no use of terror or force as it was a seemingly painless takeover. This is not to say that the Russian people were not accustomed to violence as many people still resented actions of the Okhrana during tsarist times and the mass executions and deportations that were carried out. The Russian people had also just been subjected to Lenin’s “Red Terror” which was a campaign of mass killings, torture and systematic oppression led by the Cheka, the Bolshevik secret police. It is estimated that between 50,000 and 140,000 people were killed in this campaign during the Russian Civil War.
Not surprisingly, the result is not at all desirable and the animals find themselves in fact worse of then before. Orwell is clearly drawing parallels between the events on the farm and the events in Russia after the 1918 revolution. He intends it to be a warning to readers that they should not be easily seduced by socialism. He also strives to outline the faults in communism, and how turning a blind eye and allowing another to control you never works out in your favour. He uses many themes to convey his main points to this allegory, such as corruption, abuse of power and social order.