Mauna Loa has an estimated time of six years between each eruption, but on March 25, 2009 The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory celebrated the 25th anniversary of the volcanoes last eruption in 1984. Mauna Loa is a shield volcano, the world’s largest, but although it’s active history the volcano has been quite for 2 and half decades. The crater at the mountains summit (Moku’aweoweo) is the main reason Mauna Loa has been erupting for 100,000 years if not more. Mauna Loa produces many types of flows including a’a, pahoehoe and lesser
J. Subbiondo © 2004The CrustThe outer layer of the Earth is called the crust. It is made up of rock that floated to the surface when the Earth was formed. It is not a continuous layer, but is made up of large masses called tectonic plates.These plates drift slowly across the Earth's surface (tectonic means moving).The movement of these plates creates mountains and valleys.At weak points in the crust, it causes volcanic eruptions. And when plates bump into each other, earthquakes occur -- emitting shock waves or vibrations called seismic waves. The crust is the Earth's coldest layer.
The earthquake’s strongest point lasted for around 8-10 minutes. The tsunami created a permanent rise in global sea level by at least 0.1mm and it caused an inactive volcano located in the Leuser Mountain, Indonesia to active. Did you know the December 26, 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami was caused by an earthquake that is thought to have had the energy of 23,000 atomic bombs. *Location* The tsunami was located in 15 different countries. The countries which were affected the most include Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India and Thailand.
What is "summit deflation"? (page 94, para 2 to page 95) Summit deflation, which is measured by tilt meters in parts per million, is when the slope of a volcano changes usually relatively prior to an eruption. 4. How does Kilauea's magma move upward
(Some geologists argue that this portion of the Eurasian Plate is actually a fragment of the North American Plate called the Okhotsk microplate.) A part of the subduction zone measuring approximately 190 miles (300 km) long by 95 miles (150 km) wide lurched as much as 164 feet (50 metres) to the east-southeast and thrust upward about 33 feet (10 metres). (“Japan Earthquake and Tsunami of 2011, 1”) A series of extremely destructive tsunami waves followed the 9.0 earthquake along with the dozens of foreshocks and aftershocks that came with it. The city of Sendai, its surrounding area and airport were pounded by a wave
Washington Earthquake Risks Earthquakes can strike any location at any time. But history shows they occur in the same general patterns year after year, mainly in three large zones of the earth. The world's greatest earthquake belt, the circum-Pacific seismic belt, is found along the rim of the Pacific Ocean, where about 81 percent of the world's largest earthquakes occur. It has earned the nickname "Ring of Fire". The belt extends from Chile, northward along the South American coast through Central America, Mexico, the West Coast of the United States, and the southern part of Alaska, through the Aleutian Islands to Japan, the Philippine Islands, New Guinea, the island groups of the Southwest Pacific, and to New Zealand.
Tension [pic] d. Compression 6. What is Earth's core composed of? [pic] a. hydrogen and iron b. magnesium and silicon [pic] c. iron and nickel d. nickel and silicon 7. A large ocean wave that is generated by vertical motions of the seafloor during an earthquake is called a(n) __________. a. upwelling current b. seiche [pic] c. tsunami d. tidal range 8.
This earthquake lasted an impressive five minutes and measured at a magnitude 9.0. The Eurasian Plate is dragged under the Pacific plate grinding under it and the upper plate compresses then it springs back when the earthquake hits causing the four mile deep mass of water upwards. When it collapses back, huge waves travel across the ocean as fast as a jet fighter pilot. The height and intensity varies as it travels faster in deeper water (Crane, 2011). At the Fukushima Power Plant there is a crisis because the nuclear reactors can’t be cooled
It increased by 7 ft a day.” Earthquakes You can predict when a volcano will erupt because you get earthquakes. This is because most volcanoes follow a regular pattern of increasing seismic activity as the eruption is about to take place, usually in the form of small earthquakes. Scientist use special equipment seismometers that tell and record earthquakes that happen underneath the volcano. Long period earthquakes- are beneath volcanoes and are believed that it is caused by magma moving through cracks that then shake the ground. Short period earthquakes- earthquakes under the volcanoes that is believed to be caused by rock breaking events Both types of
The volcanoes can be dangerous as well. Mt. Etna in Sicily, Italy is considered one of the most active volcanoes on earth. While Japan has over 100 active volcanoes, some that are very dangerous. These volcanoes are caused by tectonic plates that make up part of the earths surface.