Muscles are connected to bones by tendons - When an individual is moved and positioned it is important this happens smoothly. Sudden movements or pulling in any direction of an individual’s limbs or body can cause pulled muscles or tear tendons which can cause a lot of pain. 1.2 When working with individuals with different conditions this affects how we support them to move and change positions. An individual with dementia who is confused might not understand what we are saying and when we are supporting her to move so we have to show the individual by our actions and take time to do this. Individuals with arthritis have to be supported to move gently as they may be in a lot of pain and positioning or moving may be uncomfortable.
The vertebral column forms a stable but mobile axis for the rest of the body. It is made up of • Bones • Joints • Discs • Ligaments • Muscles • Tendons • Blood vessels The bones provide strength and are honeycombed for lightness, and ligaments , tendons and muscles provide stability. The muscles are also a source of power and provide movement and support for the spinal column, maintaining the natural curves and controlling excessive bending. Muscles are the first line in defense in protecting other structures of the back. Joints are where two or more bones meet.
Moving & Hoisting – please answer these 4 questions: 1.1 Outline the anatomy and physiology of the human body in relation to the importance of correct moving and positioning of individuals The spinal column is made up of individual bones called vertebrae. In between the bones there are joints that connect these together. A ligament connects bone to support joints. Not moving an individual correctly can cause ligaments to sprain. This is why individuals must never be dragged when being moved as this can cause joints to over stretch and then sprain the ligaments.
Muscles pull and move the bones at particular joints, this makes the joint move and therefore the body move. When a muscle contracts, it pulls the bones at the joint in a certain direction that is designed to move. With reduced mobility the muscles can become floppy and make movement slower and more difficult. When the muscles are used on a regular basis they remain firm and move much more easily. When supporting moving and positioning activities, it is important to remember that muscles can only move the bones at a joint foe only as far as the joint allows.
They may non weight bearing on affected leg and may be reliant on walking aids such as crutches or zimmer frames. Arthritis will also make it hard for a patient to move around as the joints will stiffen, especially after sitting for long periods of time. A Parkinsons sufferer will be unsteady on their feet and easily become off balance reducing the amount the person can walk, also their proprioception is affected and they will bump into objects. Also a person with limited or no sight will find mobility difficult as they may be limited to a very small area which they know well to move about in. Any health condition which affects balance such as inner ear problems will affect mobility as balance is very important to mobility.
When the muscles contract the bones move 5. Blood production - red blood cells (to carry oxygen) and white blood cells (to protect against infection) are produced in the bone marrow of some bones. The Structure and Physiology of Bone Bone is
With reduced mobility, muscles can become floppy and make movement slower and more difficult, but when muscles are used on a regular basis, they remain firm and move more easily. When supporting moving and positioning activities, it is important to remember that muscles can only move the bones at a joint as far as the joint allows. For example, the elbow and knee joints have limited movement; trying to extend these joints beyond their range can cause painful damage to the joint. Nerve fibres run all the way through the body and send impulses to muscles, which enable the muscles to contract and relax. Nerve fibres are delicate structures and can easily become damaged through poor moving and
To allow motion, different bones are connected by joints. Cartilage prevents the bone ends from rubbing directly on to each other. Muscles contract (bunch up) to move the bone attached at the joint. There are, however, diseases and disorders that may adversely affect the function and overall effectiveness of the system. These diseases can be difficult to diagnose due to the close relation of the musculoskeletal system to other internal systems.
Also, there are preferred warm-ups that should be done instead of stretching that will allow the body to get warmed up instead of over stretching the main muscles being used (Arnheim, 2005). There are several body parts that may limit flexibility and may hinder performance. It is obvious that if a muscle is over stretched or under stretched it will not perform at a desired level. However, there are some anatomical body parts that can limit our flexibility. Age plays a large flexibility; it deals with how much elasticity our muscles have.
Muscles will weaken with age which causes stiffness and weakness to certain areas of the body. When moving or repositioning an individual it is important to be very careful because muscles can only move as much as they can. Bones in limbs are covered in tissue. It is vital to not put too much pressure on an individual’s arm, leg, and hands as it could lead to a fracture due to the fact bones aren’t as strong in elderly people. 1.2 Describe the impact of specific conditions on the correct movement and positioning of an individual?