Once the Mongols took over, they changed many of the political boundaries. With the Mongol’s high value for trade, it was only fitting to rule lands included in Silk Road trade. They overtook places like parts of China, India, Europe, and the Middle East. By the highest point of their rule, and the Silk Road, The Mongol Empire controlled the largest land empire to date. Over time, the Mongols most likely conquered the better part of the land around the Silk Road because they valued trade.
In 200 B.C.E. is when the Han Dynasty first established Silk Roads and since the beginning of the establishment, all the way through 1450 C.E., Silk Roads were deeply an important change that happened to connect China in the east to the empires of the west. Although over tim different products and goods were changed including trading partners, the exchange of innovations and culture which led to cultural diffusion, became a continuity as well. Roughly around 200 B.C.E, the Silk Roads came into use. By that time, they linked the Roman Empire to the Han Dynasty.
Included in this elite list of empires were the dominant European Empire and the robust Russian Empire. The immense similarities along with the vast differences between the European and the Russian Empires are extremely engaging and influential in the ever-present trend of globalization. The Europeans started their globalization in 1492 when they first landed in the Americas. Columbus’ new found land stirred a frenzy of activity in the new world, including exploration, conquest and ultimately colonization. The speed of Spanish expansion over the region was astonishing.
Mongols: Nomads and fierce warriors from Central Asia north of China. Lesson Notes: Tang dynasty brought a golden age of politics and culture, and China grew in area and population. Their ruler (Tang) achievements: 1. He used Confucius’s ideas to change the government and hired officials trained on that idea. 2.
Document 5 comes from the point of view of someone who is analyzing the ruthlessness of the Mongols and their conquest of Russia, which lead to the deaths of many. The people of Russia revolted against the Mongols, so, in response, “the Mongol khan
Part 2 People’s History of the World "A People's History of the World" by Chris Harman Chapter 1: Iron and Empires This short chapter laid out the way in which empires expanded and in which civilization grew. The concept of the surplus laying in the hands of the ruling classes became more established. Innovation began within the people that could learn from previous achievements. It became clear that the only way civilization could expand was through the encouragement of new techniques. The conquest of certain civilizations lead to new ideas being brought in by the conquerors, and this lead to a much larger surplus, larger than ever before.
Secretary of State John Hay first articulated the concept of the “Open Door” in China in a series of notes in 1899-1900. These Open Door Notes aimed to secure international agreement to the U.S. policy of promoting equal opportunity for international trade and commerce in China, and respect for China’s administrative and territorial integrity. British and American policies toward China had long operated under similar principles, but once Hay put them into writing, the “Open Door” became the official U.S. policy towards the Far East in the first half of the 20th century. The idea behind the Open Door Notes originated with British and American China experts, Alfred E. Hippisley and William W. Rockhill. Both men believed that their countries’ economic interests in China would be best protected and promoted by a formal agreement among the European powers on the principle of maintaining an Open Door for trade and commercial activity.
The searches for the Northwest Passage led to the discovery of the New World, because explorers, looking for Asia, found what is now America. Also a thirst for power was invading Europe. People at this time wanted more riches and control. This desire for power not only invaded the merchants and explorers, but also the Kings. The monarchs analyzed that by expanding their empire they would become more wealthy and potent.
The Mongol Empire emerged from the unification of Mongol and Turkic tribes in the region of modern day Mongolia under the leadership of Genghis Khan, who was proclaimed ruler of all Mongols in 1206. The Empire grew rapidly under his leadership and then that of his descendants, who sent invasions in every direction. Under the Mongols, new technologies, various commodities and ideologies were disseminated and exchanged across Eurasia. The Mongolian Empire functioned as the principal cultural clearing house for the Old World until its decline in the 14th century when it was gradually replaced by maritime Europe which in time came to perform similar offices for the Old World and the New. The Empire began to split as a result of wars over succession, as the grandchildren of Genghis Khan disputed whether the royal line should follow from Genghis's son and initial heir Ogedei, or one of his other sons such as Tolui, Chagatai, or Jochi.
China, for example, supplied West Asia and the Mediterranean world with silk, while spices were obtained principally from South Asia. These goods were transported over vast distances— either by pack animals overland or by seagoing ships—along the Silk and Spice Routes, which were the main arteries of contact between the various ancient empires of the Old World. Another important trade route, known as the Incense Route, was controlled by the Arabs, who brought frankincense and myrrh by camel caravan from South Arabia. Cities along these trade routes grew rich providing services to merchants and acting as international marketplaces. Some, like Palmyra and Petra on the fringes of the Syrian Desert, flourished mainly as centers of trade supplying merchant caravans and policing the trade routes.