The members of this group quickly became famous as the new bohemian hedonists, who celebrated the way of rebelliousness and natural creativity (Gair, 2008, P. 26). The beat generation originally met in New York but later on they all except for Burroughs moved on to San Francisco and started associating with San Francisco Renaissance in early 1960s. This was a huge transformation to the sixties culture which by the duration of time changed beatnik to “hippie” in the urban life and nationwide. It is very interesting to know where the beats got their name from. The name “beat” was originally brought up by Jack Kerouac in 1948 to differentiate the underground and rebellious youth group in New York.
Hip-hop, while opposed to rap, generally defines the whole culture. Rap formed during the 1970s with the rise in popularity of block parties in New York, particularly among African American youth residing in the Bronx. Rapping developed as a vocal style in which the artist speaks along with an instrumental or synthesized beat. The roots of rapping are found in African-American music and ultimate African music, with roots originating from the griots of west African culture. The African American traditions of signifyin' (an early form of wordplay), the dozens (game of spoken words between two communities) and jazz poetry all had an influence on rap music.
Kirstie Smith Professor Hancock English 111.049 1 September 2009 In 1988, Jack Solomon wrote an essay in which he explores a paradox in American identity. Solomon theorizes that although Americans desire acceptance and belonging, they also embody a competitive nature; striving to achieve higher status than the average individual. The essay classifies the need to fit in as populist, and the desire of rising above the population as elitist. Solomon analyzes the role advertising plays in these qualities. An advertisement for Malibu Rum ran in Cosmopolitan magazine in 2009.
An investigation into the representation of young people in PBR&B music PBR&B is a genre of music that begun in the late 2000s. The term ‘PBR&B’ is used to describe and categorize an alternative style to contemporary R&B. The term came about as a joke used by Sound of the City writer Eric Harvey (http://pitchfork.com/thepitch/95-i-started-a-joke-the-saga-of-pbrb/), using a combination of R&B and PBR (Pabst Blue Ribbon), a beer that is associated with hipster subculture. Other names given to this genre of music are indie R&B, alternative R&B and R-Neg-B (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PBR%26B) (http://www.reddit.com/r/pbrnb/). Notable artists of this genre are The Weeknd, Miguel and Jhene Aiko.
The hippie subculture is a youth movement that began in the United States during the early 1960s. This culture has been spread worldwide through a fusion of rock music, folk, blues, and psychedelic rock and it also found expression in literature, the dramatic arts, fashion, and the visual arts, including film, posters advertising rock concerts, and album covers. The word ‘hippie’ is from hipster, and was originally used to describe ‘Beatniks’ who had moved into San Francisco’s Haight-Ashbury district. In early 60s, hippies found to free themselves from societal restrictions, choose their own way and find their own meaning in life, listened to psychedelic rock, embraced the sexual revolution, and used drugs such as cannabis, LSD and magic mushrooms to explored altered stated of consciousness. This hippie subculture influenced on contemporary mainstream fashion today and Nicole Richie is one of the contemporary hippie fashion designers who influenced.
Dubstep (/ˈdʌbstɛp/) is a genre of electronic dance music that originated in South London, England, United Kingdom. The music website Allmusic has described its overall sound as "tightly coiled productions with overwhelming bass lines and reverberant drum patterns, clipped samples, and occasional vocals. "[1] The earliest dubstep releases date back to 1998, and were usually featured as B-sides of 2-step garage single releases. These tracks were darker, more experimental remixes with less emphasis on vocals, and attempted to incorporate elements of breakbeat and drum and bass into 2-step. In 2001, this and other strains of dark garage music began to be showcased and promoted at London's night club Plastic People, at the "Forward" night (sometimes stylised as FWD>>), which went on to be considerably influential to the development of dubstep.
Cultivation theorists argue that television has long-term effects which are small, gradual, indirect but cumulative and significant. Disco was an embodiment of individual liberty and self-evolvement. During the seventies there were three other subcultures that were assimilated into the disco culture namely, African Americans, gays and the Hispanics. After being marginalized for decades, these minority groups found a accommodating home in the disco clubs. Significantly, the discos also offered a taste of freedom and self-actualization for three minority groups.
Abstract expressionism was first used as a term in art in 1919, when an Berlin artist Wassily Kandinsky works was described as abstract, but the real movement of abstract expressionism art didn’t really take off until after World War II, (1950’s), putting New York City, in the center of the art world. Abstract Expressionism began as a combination of emotional intensity and self-expression, and action painting. In 1943, Arshile Gorky (1904-1948) painted “Garden of Sochi. Which is the third in a series of paintings of his childhood memories. Jackson Pollock (1912-1956) used action as a form of abstract expressionism, in which paint is spontaneously splashed, smeared or dribbled on canvas.
As traditional art forms had become outdates due to industrialization. It seems like the term “modernism” has been a conflicting term in the academic world. This is because the term “modernism” acquires a different scope and penetration in each different academic discipline. The inception of modern music typically located at the close of the 19th century, while to talk modern in English literature is to focus upon a relatively highly influential body of work produced in the first two decades of the 20th century. In the history of art, on the other hand, the student of modernism can expect to run a gamut from the French painting of the 1860s to the American art of a century later and may even be directed as far back as the later 18th century (Modernism, 2003).
History of Jazz Music Jazz is a distinctively American form of music, and its history occupies a much smaller span of time. Its origins are found in the early 1900s as some dance band leaders in the southern U.S. began playing music that combined ragtime and blues. The terms "Jazz" and "Jazz Band" first surfaced in the year 1900. After World War I, Jazz music had evolved and was aided by the development of the recording industry. The small dance band ensemble grew into the larger orchestra