This process is called plasmolysis. 11. What cell part did you find around plant cells that you did not find around cheek cells? In general, how does it affect the shape of the
What is the function of the cytoskeleton? To give the cell shape 12. What is inside nucleus that is responsible for providing the cell with its characteristics? DNA Par t D – Pl an t C e ll M o d e l Lo c a t e t h e i m a g e o f t h e p l a n t c e l l m o d e l and click through each of the parts and read their descriptions. Use the information to answer the questions.
5. Distinguish between animal and plant cells – structures in common/ structures unique to each. 6. Where is DNA located in a prokaryote cell? In a eukaryote cell?
1) Monocots are shorts for “Monocotyledons” which means plants whose embryo has one cotyledon; whereas, Eudicots (Eudicotyledons) carry embryo with 2 cotyledons. The cotyledons of eudicots supply nutrients for seedlings, but the cotyledons of monocots store some nutrients and act as a transfer tissue for nutrients stored elsewhere. Five key features are typically used to distinguish monocots from eudicots; a seed, arrangement of vascular tissue in roots, stems, and leaves, and number of flower parts. The seed has the reproductive structures that are protected from drying out, have male and female gametophytes which are reduced in size. In young dicot stems and stems (usually the upright, vertical portion of a plant transports substances to and the leaves) that do not increase in thickness, xylem and phloem are arranged in vascular bundles in the cortex.
Fungi Unlike bacteria and viruses, fungi are simple plant-like organisms which reproduce using spores. There are three types of fungal infections; ones which occur on the surface of the skin and hair; those which occur in the epidermis (such as ringworm and athlete's foot) and those which affect the deeper layers of skin – the dermis, subcutaneous tissue, muscle and fascia. Fungi may reach these layers as a result of penetrating wounds, or may be inhaled. Parasites Parasites differ from bacteria in that they need a living host to survive and reproduce, although not all parasites affect the host. Parasites can be acquired through contact with a contaminated surface, via infected water or food and through contact with contaminated bodily fluids such as blood, faecal matter and sexual contact.
Causes and spread of infection 1. Understand the causes of infection 1. Identify the differences between bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites Bacteria is living things that are neither animals or plants but a group that belongs to themselves. Bacteria are prokaryotic microorganism, which is a single cell that doesn’t contain nucleus. Viruses are a small infectious agent that can multiply only inside living cells of organisms.
Although they are eukaryotes like plants and animals, the major difference is that fungal cells have cell walls that contain chitin, unlike the cell walls of plants, which contain cellulose. Fungi lack the chlorophyll necessary for photosynthesis and must therefore live as parasites or saprophytes Parasites: plant or animal that at some stage of its existence obtains its nourishment from another living organism called the host. Parasites may or may not harm the host, but they never benefit it. They include members of many plant and animal groups, and nearly all living things are at some time hosts to parasitic forms. Many bacteria are parasitic on external and internal body surfaces; some of these invade the inner tissues and cause disease.
In fact only 1% of bacteria are harmful. Viruses can only grow inside the cells of living organisms. They are not living in their own and in that way are different to bacteria, parasites and fungi. All living organisms can contract viruses: humans, plants, fish and animals. Viruses are spread from host to host.
Fungi :A Fungus is a spore producing organism and can live as a single celled yeast or as a larger multi-cellular mould. It will live by absorbing certain nutrients from any organic matter. Fungi include moulds, mildews, Mushrooms and yeast. The more common illnesses from fungi could be athlete’s foot, ringworm and thrush. Viruses: A virus needs a host cell to replicate.
Several molecules make matter - organelles. Organelles metabolized and work together to make cells. Cells make tissues and a minimum of 2 tissues, usually four types make an organ. The organs work together in certain organ systems. Multiple organ systems make the organism.