Mintzberg Model of Managerial Roles:

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6. Mintzberg model of managerial roles: By the early 1970s, some experts suggested that the functions of management as described by Fayol and others of the process school of management (planning, organizing, motivating, control) were not an accurate description of the reality of managers’ jobs. Chief among the critics of the functional approach was Henry Mintzberg. Mintzberg argued that the functional or process school of management was “folklore” and that functions of management such as planning, organizing, leading, and controlling did not accurately depict the chaotic nature of managerial work. Based upon an observational study of five executives, Mintzberg concluded that the work managers actually performed could best be represented by three sets of roles, or activities: interpersonal roles, informational roles, and decision-making roles. He described the interpersonal roles as consisting of figurehead, leader, and liaison. He identified three informational roles: monitor, disseminator, and spokesperson. Finally, he described four decision-making roles that included entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator, and negotiator. Managerial roles: 1.1) Interpersonal roles: * Figurehead role - the interpersonal role managers play when they perform ceremonial duties * Leader role - the interpersonal role managers play when they motivate and encourage workers to accomplish organizational objectives * Liaison role - the interpersonal role managers play when they deal with people outside their units 1.2) Informational roles: * Monitor role - the informational role managers play when they scan their environment for information * Disseminator role - the informational role managers play when they share information with others in their departments or companies * Spokesperson role - the informational role managers play

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