TBI complications range from minor sensory or motor problems that resolve quickly without medical intervention, to severe injuries that involve a prolonged loss of consciousness and lifelong physical and cognitive disabilities. This is because different parts of the brain control different functions. Therefore, every brain injury is different, and no two people will have identical symptoms from a traumatic brain injury. Some of the most common traumatic brain injury complications include personality changes, insomnia, headache, cognitive disabilities and sensory changes. More severe traumatic brain injury complications include pooling of blood in the head (hematoma), epilepsy, amnesia, paralysis, coma and death.
Dementia with Lewy bodies is closely related to Parkinson's disease and often has some of the same symptoms, including difficulty with movement. Front temporal dementia (including Pick's disease) – In front temporal dementia, the front and side parts of the brain are damaged over time when clumps of abnormal proteins form inside nerve cells, causing them to die. At first, changes in personality and behavior may be the most obvious signs. Depending on where the damage is, the person may have difficulties with fluent speech or may forget the meaning of words or objects. 2) Memory problems are usually the most obvious symptom in people with dementia.
In comparison to the most severe type of brain injury which is a coma, the symptoms of a concussion or diffuse axonal injury are mild. One of the questions in the survey asked which medical terms were considered mild traumatic brain injuries. The options were coma, concussion/whiplash and diffuse axonal injury. The correct answer was both concussion/whiplash and diffuse axonal injury. 15% of Myer students surveyed had the correct answer of both concussion/whiplash and diffuse axonal injury.
There is a test that measures the severity of TBI called Glasgow Coma Test (GCT). The milder case would be a concussion, however the worst level is severe and that is when TBI is diagnosed. Students that has TBI will have a number of symptoms that varied from case to case. The student might have motor development problems that include but not limited to, coordination and walking. Another common issue might be their language and cognitive skills.
,meaning that the blood vessels expand and slow down electrical activity in the brain. During a migraine an artery located on the skull, right under the skin of the temple, enlarges which is why many sufferers very often experience a migraine on only one side of the head. And unlike a common headache, over the counter medication can actually make the migraine worse. “What happens during a migraine attack is actually very different than what is happening
According to text, more than one million patients in the United States of America are diagnosed with some type of pressure ulcer. Pressure ulcer experts believe that not all pressure ulcers are preventable, but it is hoped that, by implementing best practices across all care settings, the prevalence can be reduced (Keast, 2007). So many small occurrences can lead to major pressure ulcers. With my many years of nursing, I have witnessed my shares of pressure ulcers to the point of breakdown of the skin and being able to see bones. This is a very serious and painful condition.
Understand the neurology of dementia Dementia is a general term for loss of memory and other mental abilities severe enough to interfere with daily life. It is caused by physical changes in the brain. Alzimers is most common type of dementia; accounts for an estimated 60 to 80 percent of all cases. Symptoms, difficulty remembering recent conversations, names or events is often an early clinical symptom, apathy and depression are also often early symptoms, later symptoms include impaired communication, poor judgment, disorientation, confusion, behavior changes and difficulty speaking, swallowing and walking. It is not known exactly what causes this process to begin, although people with Alzheimer's disease have been found to have abnormal amounts of protein (amyloid plaques), fibres (tau tangles) and a chemical called acetylcholine in the brain.These reduce the effectiveness of healthy neurons (nerve cells that carry messages to and from the brain), gradually destroying them.
Treatment involves management of symptoms and complications. Respiratory, cardiac, skeletal and connective tissue, brain and nervous system and longer recovery time are all complications from Hunter Syndrome ("Mayo Clinic", 2012). Symptoms of the disease include a large head, a swollen abdomen, frequent ear infections, a distinctive coarseness in facial features including a prominent forehead, a nose with a flattened bridge, and enlarged tongue. Breathing problems while sleeping, joint stiffness, and developmental delays are just a few of the many complications caused by Hunter Syndrome. Some children develop pebbly or ivory colored skin lesions on the upper arms, legs and back.
This may be as a result of a stroke or mini strokes although it can be caused by preventable conditions such as high blood pressure, diabetes and high cholesterol. Dementia with Lewys Bodies (DLB) is caused by small deposits of proteins found in the nerve cells of the brain. Their presence in the brain leads to the degeneration of brain tissue. This is the third most common form of dementia. Rarer forms of dementia are: Fronto temperal dementia which is brain damage usually focused in the front or temporal parts of the brain.
Many f these concussions are temporary, but if a player receives their first concussion are four times more likely to receive a second than someone who has never had one (1). There are different types of concussions. For example, one is called second impact syndrome (SIS) (1). The authors, Jeffery H, Tyler and Michael E. Nelson addresses that SIS occurs when an athlete suffers a small head injury and then returns to play too soon. Once he returns to play he gets hit again, before being fully healed (1).