Jean Piaget’s theory was based on systematic (schema) study for our cognitive development. Piaget believed that there were stages that you had to achieve in order to move on to the next. The order of the stages: Piagets theory came in to place by observing children. A way of applying his theory to the classroom is “use concrete props and visual aids whenever possible...” (McLendon, 2011) In my practice we set up activities for each individual need of each child to help them progress through the stage of the theory which links to Piagets theory. Lev Vygotsky’s theory was based on social/emotional development needs to show demonstration/imagination to allow a child to progress.
The first article is done by two psychologists by the names of Jennifer D. Bass and James A. Mulick. These two psychologists came up with the idea to use siblings and peers as the therapists in social intervention. One observation is that autistic children are always being integrated into a classroom with typically developed children. Even though the main goal is to put these children into a room with normal developed children, the autistic child might end up being pushed into further social isolation. It has been found that children who developed normally tend to play with each other instead of playing with someone who is different them.
Vygotski believed development results directly from social interactions. Vygotshi thought social interaction was affected by culture and language and vise versa culture and language were affected by social interaction. All three affected each other and thus affecte a person’s development. Also they both view language as important in knowledge construction and again differ in how it works. Vygotski believed external speech is the precursor of internalized private speech, self talk that guides thinking and action.
Two year old children seem to turn intentionally difficult and challenge their parents constantly, letting desire take control. At this age, toddlers are focused on understanding other people, and the need to live happily with others slips away. The author's essay also explores how adults' behavior can influence a child's actions. Alison questions whether adults have a natural capability to help children learn in this essay. This is proven to be true by the simple use of a sing-song voice when speaking to a child and how it
The interaction of nature versus nurture? The sociocultural and cognitive theories best emphasize individual conscious organization of experience. Sociocultural theories involve active learning and an individual must interact with society and mentors. There is a conscious effort on the individual’s part to learn and use their experiences to make life decisions. Cognitive development requires an individual to analyze their experiences and properly form concepts.
Information Processing Theory Steven Jordan Child Development AED/202 September 25, 2011 Sheila Brock Information Processing Theory The purpose of this paper is to identify, define, and summarize the interrelationship of the components in the Information Processing Theory. We shall explore how a child processes information as well as how this process will change as a child grows older, and how much of a role nature and nurture plays in the development of children. The information processing theory is defined as “Theoretical perspective that focuses on the specific ways in which people mentally think about (“process”) the information they receive” (McDevitt & Ormrod, 2004). Although processing theorists do not always agree on the specifics of the mechanisms involved in learning and information, the do tend to agree on several points. It is agreed upon that the components necessary for information processing rely on; input from the environment, a sensory register and the use of long term and short term memory, attention, the different processes involved in the moving of memories from short to long term, the ability for people to have control on how they may process this information .
Play is the child’s way of learning and acquiring knowledge about self and the world in ways that are meaningful from the child’s point of view. Because play is central to the child’s experience, self-concept, cognitive and physical development, and social interactions, adults need to understand their role in facilitating, structuring, organizing or initiating play. One of the biggest questions related to play is how much structure to impose on playtime, and if any structure, what type. Knowing how to approach play from the adult’s standpoint depends on one’s fundamental theory of play, and whether play
His Sociocultural theory is a learning theory that looks at the important contributions society and culture play in an individual’s development. He believes that everyone learns on two levels: first through interactions with others, and then within the individual themselves. Once an individual can learn and acquire concepts with the guidance of other individuals, they will then be able to perform independently. (Cognitive Development - Vygotsky's Sociocultural Theory ) Culture is passed on by three ways; one through imitative learning – the child tries to imitate or copy another
People are socialized into roles and behaviours which fulfill the needs of society. Functionalists believe that behaviour in society is structural. They believe that rules and regulations help
According to Erikson our self-identities are always changing, somewhat due to the communications in our daily lives, but mostly how those communications are observed by us as we mature and age. Each stage has an aim of ability and plays a role in the development of social and psychological skills. So now, we are going to focus on a four year old. For a four year old, the psychosocial stage for them is initiative versus guilt (Phallic). Through this imaginary play, this is where the children discover the kind of person they can become.