The next type of reliability is test reliability. We estimate test retest when we administer the same test to the same people but on different occasions. We assume that there are no major changes in the people being tested from the first to the next test. The amount of time that seperates each test, the shorter time gap the higher the correlation, the longer the time gap the lower the correlation. Since this correlation is the test retest you can obtain considerable different estimates depending on the time gap.
Their partner timed the response time and input the data into a spreadsheet. It was found that like the Shepard and Metzler study, participants took proportionally longer to respond with more extreme angles of rotation. However results also showed they were overall much faster to respond to familiar objects than they were in the original study. These results can lead to new interpretations of the mental rotation process. Mental Rotation: How does the angular orientation of an object affect a participant’s reaction time?
It is expected that the shorter the time gap, the higher the correlation. Alternate Forms Reliabilty Unlike test-retest which evaluates over a period of time, alternate-forms reliability is when the indented population (people, animal, and/or thing) is measured with two forms of the same instrument. The American College Testing Program, an academic exam for college admissions, is an example of alternate-forms reliability testing. Within the
In this case, the quality of earnings for 2000 is -2.21, for 1999 is -1.03, for 1998 is -1.12 which is very low for an investment point of view. Quality of earnings should be greater than 1.0. Red Flag 2: Another “Red flags” could be Return on assets on 2000 because it’s significantly low comparing to 1999. Red Flags: lastly, during the year 2000, there is a significant increase with the gross profit % as well as profit margin % Question 2. According to AU 330 “Valuation or allocation”, “Completeness” and “Existence or occurrences” are the primary audit objectives that the auditors hope to accomplish.
As such, managers easily identify relationships between the two categories. If marginal productivity is greater than average productivity then average productivity is rising, and vice versa. If marginal cost is greater than average total cost then average total cost is rising, and vice versa (Colander, 2010). The graphical data allow managers to identify quickly the minimum efficient level of
Petersons STM study was argued to be high in internal validity, and this was mainly due to the fact that instructions to participants were standardised, repetitions of consonants or tridiagrams was prevented and extraneous variables were controlled, thus meaning the experiment had high internal validity and also made it easier to replicate. However a problem with the study was the fact it is actually challenged by
The randomized trial in many circles is the “gold standard” of quantitative research, reflecting its degree of methodological rigor. There are many advantages and disadvantages of the experimental design. Shuttlewoth 2008) mentions one of the key advantages, which includes that the results of a true experimental design can be statistically analyzed and so there can be a little argument about the results. Other advantages
Combining across the word and non-word lists, greater activation was seen for the three items compared to one item memory load condition in the left medial frontal area, the anterior cingulate gyrus, the left thalamus and the left insula. The interaction contrast revealed that the difference in activation between the one and three-item lists was greater for words than non-words in the left middle temporal gyrus and the left temporo-parietal gyrus. These authors hypothesized that their failure to find activation in the supramarginal gyrus may have occurred because their greatest memory load (three items) was not sufficiently
Simple models describing memory response as a function of the logarithm of exposure time provide a good fit. In addition, we find that advertisements that are displayed when the Web page loads attain greater marginal increases in recognition per unit time than do ads that come into view second in a sequence. Nonetheless, for both types of ads, exposure time has a substantial effect. A psychologically-informed accounting system based on ad exposure duration, sequence and onset time may more closely align with advertiser goals than the industry standard of impression-based accounting. R. Preston McAfee
Agreeing with past research, males were found to be better at both tasks, with female reaction times, in the Line judgment task, found to be larger. In the computerised driving test males again did better than females, their results coinciding with that of the Line judgment test, but, with females, there was seen to be a variation in correlation between both tests. Due to this, the driving test was discussed to be a good form of visuospatial task, or bad. We looked at other factors that might have helped towards this variance in results and drew the conclusion that factors, such as practice, do play a role in the driving test, therefore proving to be a bad way of measuring visuospatial abilities between males and females. Introduction The study of difference in gender has many experiments in which one can find a real majority in either males or females.