The nursing theory that will be discussed in this paper is the Interpersonal Relations theory, created by Hildegard E. Peplau. Hildegard E. Peplau is a woman of many credentials (Rust, 2004). Her work, Interpersonal Relations in Nursing, has been identified as one of the first published nursing theories (Johnson & Webber, 2005). Before Peplau created Interpersonal Relations in Nursing, she devoted her life to working in private practice and hospital nursing (George, 2002). Peplau was also involved in nursing research, and teaching; this, combined with years of practice in psychiatric
Several nursing theories focus on quality of life in or as part of their nursing theories – Roger’s, King, Peplau, Leininger, and Parse (Plummer & Molzahn, 2009). Margaret Newman, Rosemarie Parse, and Jean Watson’s theories all deal with the concept of transcendence. Rogers’, Newman, Watson, and Parse’s theories share common themes and perspectives related to their philosophical views in the development of their theories (Sarter, 1988). Watson’s Theory of Human Caring and Boykin & Schoenhofer’s Theory of Nursing as Caring both view nursing as a discipline and a profession. Both theories view caring as an experience lived moment to moment.
Culture has a major effect on every aspect of human life. As health care providers, nurses need to be aware of the client's beliefs, values, customs and how it influences the care they provide and the client's behavior towards it. Adapting to different cultural beliefs and practices requires flexibility and a respect for the patient's way of thinking and behaving. To provide culturally appropriate care, the nurse needs to learn the skills to understand culturally influenced behaviors and attitudes towards the illness so that she can provide the holistic care to the patient. Cultural Competency: "It is a capacity of individuals or services to incorporate ethnic/cultural considerations in all aspects of their work relative to health promotion, disease prevention and other health care interventions"(Killian, 2009).
The patient is a greater being than one who is ill, he/she has a soul and on this level there is communication. The nurse immerses herself into the caring of this being bringing into play past experiences and knowledge into the caring moment. Currently the caring theory developed by Dr. Jean Watson is an ever-evolving field that is founded on the discipline of nursing and nursing science but has more recently added other fields and academic disciplines such as Feminist Studies, Education, Ecology, Philosophy and more recently mind-body-spirit Medicine. With this, the caring theory is rapidly becoming an Interdisciplinary or Multidisciplinary field of study with the nursing science as it has potential relevance and importance to health and education. The Ten Caritas Processes listed below are the hallmark of Watson’s theory.
She was also influence by several philosophers such as Whitehead, Kirkegaard, and deChardin from a philosophical aspect. Also several nursing theorist such as Nightingale, Henderson, Rogers, and Leininger influence Watson’s belief about health, culture, environment, caring, and dignity (George, 2011). Most influentially, her vision came from contacts with people and cultures around the world (Tourville & Ingalls, 2003). There are four concepts for the metaparadigm of nursing. These concepts are person,
Jean Watson and the Theory of Caring University of Phoenix NUR/403 Jacqueline DePaulis, MS, RN, FNP February 7, 2011 Jean Watson and the Theory of Caring Jean Watson’s theoretical approach to nursing care incorporates spiritual, humanist, and holistic aspects. The Eastern philosophical influence to her work speaks to the ideals of human morality, connectedness of all humans and to altruistic nursing care. This paper will discuss the background and concepts of Watson’s theory, as well as a nurse/patient transpersonal interaction. In the context of this interaction, the theory’s major assumptions and carative factors/caritas will be explored, as well as, a personal reflection on this transpersonal moment. The Background of Watson’s Theory Jean Watson began her career as a diploma nurse, then, graduated with her baccalaureate in nursing science in the early nineteen-sixties; she advanced, to receive her masters in psychiatric nursing within two years.
Watson's Theory of Human Caring Sandra Nelson Nursing 403 07 March 2011 Karen Benjamin Watson's Theory of Human Caring This paper will give a brief background description of Jean Watson theory, her concepts, apply theory to nurse/patient interaction, and analyze major theory assumptions related to person, health, nursing, and environment. Watson’s model of caring is powerful in the effective treatment of patients. Watson theory has had a momentous effect in today’s nursing practice and she continues to develop new patterns and contributions to science. Jean Watson was born in West Virginia and moved to Boulder, Colorado, in 1962. She attended the University of Colorado and earned a bachelor of science in nursing and psychology.
Heritage Assessment Heritage is something handed down to an individual /community, which helps the members to identify and interact with ease. It includes language, food habits, dressing styles, art forms, festivals, and certain lifestyle adaptations. Heritage gives a unique identity to the group and a sense of belonging to the individual. In a multicultural society, it is important to know about the individual’s heritage to understand the person as a whole and have a meaningful interaction. Healthcare is an important area where the cultural practices of an individual have got lot of influence.
Culturally Competent Care Cultural competence, is defined as the constant attempt to understand the values, beliefs, traditions, and customs of diverse groups. In the nursing leadership management text book, (Kelly, 2012 p 591) quotes that the expert panel on cultural competence of the American Academy of Nursing notices that cultural competence is a continual process for the nurse, wherein the personal preferences of the nurse should not interfere with the care preferences of the client. In United State new immigrants arrive daily which has led to the ethnic and racial composition of the population to change dramatically since the 1990s. As a result there is an increasing diversity in languages, beliefs, lifestyles and practices among residents in rural and urban areas throughout the country. This increasing diversity of population, challenges healthcare professionals to provide culturally appropriate healthcare and
Nurses intermingle with people from diverse branch of the world with a mixture of civilizing practices, so cultural alertness seems essential in creating a patient-nurse relationship during the interview phase of the health assessment, initial step of the nursing process. Every culture perceives wellbeing and sickness differently; as a result, cultural traditions have power over nurses’ decision making process which represents a baseline to begin action for healing and provides high quality of care that nurses have to give. “Cultural ability means the aptitude of nurses to value and admit the cultural backgrounds of persons and give care that best meets the persons’ requests—not the nurses’ requests” (Edelman & Mandle, 2010, p.