Carbohydrate is the universal energy cell. Carbohydrate breakdown, glycogen serves as a source of glucose for your cells, your tissues, including your brain and muscles use glucose as a source of energy to support metabolic functioning. When your body requires glucose your liver and muscle breakdown their glycogen stores releasing glucose. Some glucose may be used directly in your liver and muscles while other glucose is released into your blood stream and used throughout body. Lipid break down, your body can breakdown triglycerides as a source of energy.
Respiration is a process through which energy is released from glucose or another organic chemicals. As such, it is significant for the survival of all living organisms, whether animals or plants or microscopic bacteria. It serves two fundamental purposes in living organisms: first is the removal of the electrons generated during catabolism and second, is generation of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). Respiration occurs in two different ways, namely, aerobic and anaerobic. Aerobic respiration is oxygen-based cellular respiration that uses oxygen to generate energies through the breakdown of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
(Insert diagram 1 below) This is the exchange of gases occurring within our bodies by diffusion. It is necessary or vital to occur since we need oxygen from the air in the blood to remove the waste from our carbon dioxide. This explains why therefore a large surface area is required for the alveoli as it increases the rate at which oxygen is diffused. The large surface area of alveoli is also used and useful for energy
(Swann, 2008) The pancreas also makes amylase (alpha amylase) to hydrolyse dietary starch into disaccharides and which are converted by other enzymes to glucose to supply the body with energy. Hypothesis: Most enzymes are very specific for a certain substrate. The active site on the enzyme molecule forms a keyhole into which the substrate fits like a key. The substrate molecule is then broken up into many smaller pieces. “The higher the reaction temperature, the more kinetic
Homeostasis is known as the maintenance of a constant internal environment despite external changes or stimuli in references to exercise. When the muscles in your body contract, the glucose will be used up so in order for the blood glucose levels to be maintained stimuli changes the blood glucose concentrations. Negative feedback increases blood glucose levels by secreting glucagon, the alpha cells in pancreas this stimulates the liver to convert glycogen into glucose, which is then released and absorbed by the cells in the body. Homeostasis is changing to the environment. During exercise our body undergoes a lot of changes.
← Potential - stored energy. The energy stored in chemical bonds is an example of potential energy. Laws of Energy The first law of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, but may be converted from one form into another. For example, a chemical to chemical transformation takes place in cellular respiration; muscles need a chemical to kinetic (movement) transformation. Energy may also be stored (potential energy).
How are these electron carriers reoxidized in anaerobic bacteria? How are these electron carriers reoxidized in aerobic bacteria? 3. (24 points) Aerobic eukaryotic organisms use the unique abilities of mitochondria to extract further energy from glucose (and other nutrients). a) The citric acid cycle completes the degradation of glucose.
Introduction When the oxygen supply runs short in heavy or prolonged exercise, muscles obtain most of their energy from anaerobic process called glycolysis. Yeast cellls obtain energy under anaerobic conditions using a very similar process called alcoholic fermentation. Glycolysis is the chemical breakdown of glucose to lactic acid. This process makes energy available for cell activity in the form of a high-energy phosphate compound known as adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Alcoholic fermentation is identical to glycolysis except for the final step.
Enzymes are proteins that are used to speed up these reactions without being consumed by them. The activity of these enzymes can be altered by changing their environments, such as enzyme specificity (speed only a reaction that contains their substrate), increasing and decreasing temperature, concentration level, or adjusting the pH level. Catalase is a catalyst that digests potent hydrogen peroxide and converts it into H2O and O. It is due to this hydrogen peroxide digesting ability that we used catalase in this experiment. To record the role that environment plays in the reaction of an enzyme, we exposed the enzyme to various changes in temperature, concentration, and pH.
The amount of energy that is expended daily is the basal metabolic rate and varies mildly between every individual. In particular, the average basal metabolic rate for an adult ranges between 1200 and 1800 kcal. Factors such as gender, age, genetics, and weight play a significant role in BMR. Therefore, consuming more calories than the body burns will cause a person to gain weight, and consuming fewer calories than the body typically burns will cause a person to lose weight. In order to lose one pound, a person must burn off 3500 calories more the body typically uses.