During this same time, the Catholic Church was moving further from the theology of the Protestants. The reformation was also known as the “Protestant revolt from the medieval Roman Catholic Church” (Harvey, 1918, p. 321). Luther was active in pointing out the “characteristic differences of attitude, of tendency, and of judgment, as well as of method, exhibited in these modern attempts to portray and interpret the most widely influential of the earliest founders of Protestantism” (Harvey, 1918, p. 321). Luther wanted to stress that there was a need to expunge the “corrupt bureaucracy” within the church, which can only be done when the church returns to the Bible (Owenby, 2011, p. 1). Luther believed that all believers should abide by the words of ‘our Lord and Master Jesus Christ” and repent of our sins (Morris, 1998, p. 56).
The main motivation for the reformation in England was Henry V111 religious convictions how far do you agree with this statement? The reformation in England was the change from Catholicism to Protestantism. Henry V111 played a huge role in the reformation for example he stopped the amount of taxes that were being payed to Rome and he later ordered the dissolution of the monasteries however there are many other reasons to why the reformation in England took place for example for many years Protestants had argued over the beliefs and laws of the catholic religion as they believed some of their beliefs were corrupt. For example the Catholics had a strong belief in purgatory this is a seen as being like a waiting room were your soul is weighed on all of the sins you have committed compared to all of the positives that you have done throughout your life. The church said that the only way you could get time out of purgatory or save a family member from purgatory was to buy indulgences this means that the monks will pray for you and your family.
This put the Catholic Church at odds with them over the sale of indulgences, that allowed the Church to forgive sins and promises to limit the times the person would spend in purgatory after death. Germany was known for religious reform in the fourteenth and fifteenth century, these movements made changes to how we worship today. “Luther was concerned as early as 1516 that his parishioners were induced to be complacent about true contrition for their sin if they purchased indulgences that promised forgiveness for a price. Then in 1517 the sale of a special jubilee indulgence was promoted by Pope Leo X ostensibly to pay for the building of a new St. Peter’s basilica. Behind the scenes, half of the money raised would repay the bankers of Augsburg for the
Protestant Reformation: Three things on Martin Luther: 1)law and grace—how it drives you to despair, 2) no one can be perfect, 3) throws out the idea of a Catholic church—no need for it, church starts feeling powerless PROTESTANT: against things that are in the Catholic Church, Martin Luther started Protestantism, ---Lutheranism/Calvinism is a sub sect of Protestantism -Everything is in response to one another -Calvinism: response, TULIP, Total depravity—we are sinful and nothing we can do about it, Unconditional election—predestination, saved or not, Limited atonement—cheap grace( drunk on Saturday go to church Sunday for forgiveness, Irresistible grace—if god wants to save you there’s nothing you can do about it, Perseverance of the saints—anyone who’s a Christian, once saved always going to be saved Catholic Counter Reformation: (in response to Protestant Reformation regarding Catholicism -The Council of Trent—causes political disunity, they all got together to talk about problems that Luther referred to, first discussed sola fide (predestination) threw that out, second papacy (priests) clergy needed to be dedicated to their parish and be celibate. 3rd period—are bishops divine? Does the Pope have all the power? ~Four accomplishments of Council of Trent: provided clear statements of the Catholic doctrine, defined Catholic moral norms more clearly, instituted similar reforms of hierarchy, and renewed emphasis of pastoral care at parish level Post Reformation European level: -16 and 17 centuries -religion seemed to rationalize actions motivated by secular interests -monarchies replaced by Spanish model that combined religious zeal and national power -new monarchies: Tudors-England, Valois-France, Habsburgs-Portugal/Spain -Spain and Portugal began the Age of Discovery -exploration of the New World same time as European political crisis from Reformation
There is proof in the Catechism of the Catholic Church, in Sacred Scripture, and in the Introduction to Catholicism that we as Catholics are entitled to go to confession in the way that Jesus’ taught us to. Many Catholics before us, who have wanted to be a part of the true Church, have accepted the sacraments, but not everyone knows why the Church commands us to do the things we do. We follow in the examples of the saints is because they followed the traditions of the Church, which includes the Sacrament of Penance. In Sacred Scripture, we see proof that telling our sins to a priest is what God wanted us to do for our salvation. In the book of James (5:16), it says “Therefore confess your sins to each other and pray for each other so that you may be healed.
This hypocrisy, in Voltaire’s view, needed to be stumped out so as to transform life in Europe. The church, as depicted in Voltaire’s work, is one of the most hypocritical places. Although the priests and other religious leaders preach the idea of a perfect world, created by a perfect God, they fail to practice this perfection. For example, as Candide and Cunegonde are talking to an old woman, the latter reveals that she is the daughter of Pope Urban X and of the Princess of Palestrina (Voltaire 24). The satire in this is that catholic priests are meant to be celibate, therefore, raising questions as to how a pope would sire a daughter.
Under Pope Leo X the church began the sale of indulgences in Mainz, Germany. Indulgences presented a way to buy your way into heaven, despite the grace-based biblical model for salvation. Along with indulgences was the issue of papal supremacy, meaning that the Catholic Church claimed that the Pope had supreme power over the church. Throughout the Middle Ages, the Church had gradually become weaker because of abusive leadership, philosophical heresy, and a renewal of a form of the Pelagian heresy. The common masses were also unhappy with the Pope and church.
“Satan sold them the lie that "unity" is the principal thing and thus they dethroned and eventually jettisoned purity and truth. Then they themselves taught the cultish lie, that to speak or even think negatively about anything is wrong.” (Stringfellow, 1997, p.1). The term The New Apostolic Reformation NAR was invented for the purpose of starting a new reformation movement in Christianity. The members of the NAR are all self-proclaimed apostles and prophets and many pastor their own church. Their mission is to unite all believers as they use the false teaching of Kingdom
A reform would therefore mean that the Catholic Church would be replaced with the Protestant Church in England a complete overhaul. By agreeing that the Church was in need of reform would be believing that the Church was so deeply corrupt, that the only way to restore holiness and purity to the Christian faith and English Church would be to completely reform the Church. By disagreeing that the Church was in need of reform, would be believing that the extent of corruption in the church was exaggerated by some, and the churches problems could be solved without a reformation taking place. Anticlericalism was thought to have had a hand in bringing England to the brink of reform. Anticlericalism was the hostility towards the church and churchmen by laymen, triggered by reports of corruption or wrong doings in the church, it wasn’t just laymen who displayed anti clericalism more, educated members of the community such as lawyers or some people part of the clerical process (John Colet) displayed anticlericalism but criticizing the church through many ways one being sermons.
Jesus was crucified; he died on the cross for our sins and was resurrected, enabling us to be saved from sin. This is a major part of the concept of Salvation and is demonstrated in John 3:17: “For God sent not his Son into the world to condemn the world; but that the world through him might be saved.” Jesus’ death gives Catholics an opportunity to experience eternal life in Heaven with God. Salvation is a doctrine that is often mentioned throughout the Bible in both the Old and New Testament. This core belief is first revealed in the Bible in Book one, demonstrating its importance to Christian life. In the Old Testament, Genesis 49: 18 states, “I look for your deliverance, Lord,” and in the New Testament, Acts 4:12 states, “Salvation is found in no one else, for there is no other name under heaven given to mankind by which we must be saved.” There are 3 main sacraments that ensure Salvation.