There are hundreds of patients in a hospital; and at any given time there may be several with the same last name. It could be easy to confuse these patients and administer the wrong medication, perform the wrong procedure, or write orders on the wrong chart. One example of mistaken identity in a hospital setting was an incident that occurred when two elderly Cantonese speaking female patients were admitted and assigned to the same room. Both had altered mental status, and both had sustained a fall. Admission histories and physicals were dictated and plain films of the hip and pelvis were taken for
Abstract In recent years, many countries around the world have successfully managed to reduce the use of restraint in mental health facilities. This investigation aims to research the various effects that restraint may have on mental health clients and the alternative interventions that can be utilised by nurses and other health care staff. In order to investigate these topics, keywords were entered into a comprehensive database and a variety of literature from a wide range of years was critically analysed. Both opposing and supporting views on the use of restraint were taken into account and used in this investigation. Research found that there were both negative effects as well as positive outcomes from the use of restraint however the negative effects far outweighed the positive outcomes.
Attorneys for the family against the machine manufacturer (AECL) The Therac-25 design eliminated many of the hardware safety features that been built into previous designs, assuming the software was functioning correctly and eliminated the need for safety features. Prior machines had been known to have software issues that would frequently shut down the machine. No overdoses were given because the hardware intervened. These features were eliminated in the Therac-25, an obvious example of poor judgment on the part of the manufacturer. The manufacturer of the machine responded irresponsibly in investigating incidents and in failing to make changes immediately after the very first incident.
While other therapies are being developed, tested and researched, (CBT) has evidence based research in being effective due to the flexibility of its interventions and the ease of adjustment to co-join other therapies to (CBT). According to research done by Leslie Swanson, cognitive behavior therapy techniques such as relaxation, restructuring, and re-scripting therapy aided in helping patients with PTSD to overcome insomnia, sleep disorders, and nightmares, which are common symptoms with PTSD (Swanson, 2009). More importantly, research identifies cognitive behavior therapy as a highly effective therapy to treat individuals who suffered from moderate depression (296.22) and have a dual diagnosis of substance abuse (Ruwaard, 2009, 215). (CBT) has also gained respect as a preferred therapy for helping those who abuse and are addicted to drugs. Kirby and Marlowe suggest that CBT has shown substantial gain in the field of substance abuse, due to its person centeredness and brief treatments.
Should death row inmates be used as test subjects? Half a century after the death of Adolf Hitler, the world has not forgotten him and his Nazi army. We still cringe at their crimes against the human race, especially their prisoners. We tremble remembering how these people were put to the limit of their tolerance, and sigh with relief that there is no more such atrocities. However, in this modern world, there are still people under the threat of such sufferings: the vulnerable and marginalised death row inmates.
Hospital Acquired Infection (HAI), or as it is sometimes referred to as Nosocomial infection; is an infection occurring in patients after admission to hospital that was neither present nor incubating at the time of admission. This student will discuss the role of the nurse in preventing hospital acquired infection while on clinical placement, define HAI, and look at the causes of HAI and how it is spread. This student will also show in order to minimise these risks, systems must in place, understood and implemented by all concerned. Plowman (1997) claimed that, 6,000 deaths per year are caused by HAI, with significant financial costs for the NHS and personal costs for patients’ families. Other factors include separation from family, anxiety, sense of isolation and stigma.
. (Lippincott Williams &Wilkins, Psychiatric nursing made Incredibly Easy,2004,p.153 Many medications are in the market such as antipsychotic/antidepressants drugs clozaril, thorazine, haldol etc see exhibit A for a list of medications. Like many medications it has adverse affects but people must take medication for life. Besides medications schizophrenics’ also need support such as psychosocial therapy. And family support not only for emotional support but to ensure treatment compliance to avoid hospital or relapse in symptoms.
Other factors such as traumatic brain injury, biological issues, and exposure to chemicals or viruses can contribute to mental disorders as well. Individuals suffering from mental illnesses are often shunned or ignored by the rest of society. State and national statistics are revealing indicators of the impact of mental illness on our population. For this reason, the needs of the mentally ill are specifically addressed by Healthy People 2020. As nurses we are obligated to help treat this population.
Schizophrenia is a mental illness which is characterised by both positive symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations and disordered thinking, and negative symptoms such as a loss of normal emotional responses, speech and motivation. There are a range of treatments from biological to psychological treatments such as chemotherapy, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). Antipsychotics were originally developed to calm patients facing surgery, and they proved highly effective in reducing the incidence of death from surgical shock. Chlorpromazine and related phenothiazines were soon used in psychiatric patients, starting in the early 1950s. They revolutionised psychiatry by allowing the most disturbed schizophrenic patients live outside a psychiatric hospital, or reduce their average length of stay.
Factors that are taken into account when addressing the mentally ill are deinstitutionalization, more community and civic involvement, and formal training for the law enforcement who deal with this growing population. America’s prison system serves as the new asylum. After many mental institutions closed beginning in the mid 1960’s few alternatives materialized. Many individuals with mental health issues turned to the streets, where untreated they became vulnerable to drug abuse, crime, and joblessness. Roughly 5% of all adult Americans suffer from a serious illness according to a 2012 report by a division of the 2012 US Department of Health and Human Services.