Religious reasons, which are usually considered a barrier to low fertility, largely seem to have been ignored, since fertility rates are dropping in a range of countries that are LEDCs, from Asia to South America. The other aspect of the population to consider is those living in MEDCs. Population growth here has been slow for several decades, even to the extent that some countries such as Russia, Italy and
But the fact of the matter is that Indians are relatively worse off compared to Americans after 53 years of independence. India was similarly situated as the Asian tigers or China not that long ago. They have all pulled ahead and left India behind in the last 40 years. Let's focus on India and the United States for the sake of argument. It is my contention that India is poor by choice and that it works very hard to stay poor.
They also employed 168,000 employees which was almost 1% of the total U.S. labor force. Decades later, USS’s investment and technology strategies started becoming less aggressive. Their U.S. market share declined and was only around 20% at the beginning of 1980. The economic recession hit in early 1980’s. Manufacturing costs for USS were high due to their lack of investments in new technologies.
The 2012 net income of $44.88B reported showed a 9.30% growth of $3.82B compared to the $41.06B in net income reported in 2011 (ExxonMobil Corporation, 2013). While the amount of growth is substantial when standing alone, it was modest when comparing the 2010 and 2011 reporting periods. That time frame saw a 34.80% growth which equaled $10.60B (ExxonMobil Corporation, 2012). When considering ExxonMobil’s cash flow, one finds that cash flow for 2012 was a negative $3.08B. The company’s cash and cash equivalents started the year with $12.66B and ended with $9.58B, a 24.83% drop during the year.
This means that the birth rate in their country has fallen below the death rate. Most MEDCs have a very low rate of natural increase. Whereas in LEDCS there is a high population growth as death rates are decreasing but birth rates are still staying high. Both MEDCs and LEDCS have a large dependency ratio. This is due to in the LECDs because of the high
There have been very rough climate conditions in the past several years including heat waves and dry conditions which do not create a good scenario for carbon-dioxide emissions, but something remarkable has happened. Carbon-dioxide emissions have been at their lowest levels in over twenty years (1). According to records from the U.S. Energy Information Agency, there was over an 8 million ton decline from the time in 2007 to 2012 (1). This is a huge decrease and it is most likely correlated to the country’s switch to natural gas which has over a 45 percent decrease in damaging emissions compared to dirtier energy sources (1). This cleaner switch has been crucial for the recent record low emission levels.
China’s rapid economic growth since the early 1980’s can be attributed to its lower fertility rate. While India’s increase growth rate since about 1990 may also be related to it’s more moderate decline in fertility. Population Policy - China 1. China's One Child Policy was created in 1979 by Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping to temporarily limit communist China's population growth. It has thus been in place for more than 32 years.
During this period of time there have been around seventeen millions births which have been recorded in Britain itself. For those born in this time have now reached at the point of time that they have to retire and this is affecting the of society itself rather than economically in Britain. In the 70’s and 80’s there have been successful generations of falling fertility rates which are also known as ‘baby bust’, as currently there are birth rates at approximately about “1.7 per woman” but this needs to be around about “2.1” in order to replace the existing birth rates, as birth rates did fall below the replacement levels. These facts and figures are only assumptions and will only imply for the future social problems. As there are threats that will be a “Demographic time bomb” as the society will face with an enduring “labour shortage and productivity deficit”, these are yet believed to be myths.
Status of Children Bangladesh has a total population of 139.2 million, with a fertility rate of 3.2. The population of children in the age group of 0-14 years is almost 50 million. Given such a large child population, coupled with the low productivity of adults and resource constraints, it is inevitable that not all children are cared for and many of them have to work for their livelihood, which deprives them of a healthy childhood that includes access to nutrition, health care, education and recreation. In 2006, Bangladesh was ranked among the world's medium developed countries at number 137 (out of 177 countries). In UNDP's human poverty index (HPI-1), [6] Bangladesh ranked 85 th among 102 developing countries.
Vietnam Education Although still a poor country with low per capita income and years in war, Vietnam has unceasingly recorded its great achievements in education. In 1997, there were 22 million pupils all over the country. Among them, 13.2 million in primary schools (accounting for 58%), 4.3 million in secondary schools, and 26,000 in colleges and universities. The literacy rate in Vietnam was high (92% of the population). 8% was illiteracy, among them 80% living in remote areas and 60% female.