Evolution of Community and Public Health Nursing NUR 405 October 21, 2013 Evolution of Community and Public Health Nursing The evolution of community and public health nursing goes back four centuries ago from the British settlers into the New World of America. Many events have led to the advancement of the nursing field after the American Revolution bringing public support for establishing government-sponsored boards of health (Stanhope & Lancaster 2012). Key health issues, perspectives, goals, roles, functions, community and public health partnerships will be discussed. The first influence was the complexity of medicine during the nineteenth-century. Many women performing nursing functions in the almshouses (medical care for all by the Elizabethan Poor Law provided minimal care, most often in almshouses supported by local government, sought to regulate where the poor could live as to provide care during illness) and early hospitals in Great Britain were poorly educated, untrained and often undependable (Stanhope & Lancaster 2012) .
There, officials of the International Red Cross, organized in 1864, urged her to seek United States agreement to the Geneva Convention recognizing the work of the Red Cross; the powerful U.S. Sanitary Commission had been unable to obtain it. But before Barton could turn to the task, the Franco-Prussian War began. She offered her services to the Grand Duchess of Baden in administering military hospitals. Her most original idea (developed further in later situations) was to put needy Strasbourg women to work sewing garments for pay. Later, with the French defeated and Paris held by the Commune, she entered the starving city to distribute food and clothing.
Her graduate medical thesis was titled The Eye and Its Appendages.Afterwards Cole interned at Elizabeth Blackwell's New York Infirmary for Indigent Women and Children. Cole went on to practice in South Carolina, then returned to Philadelphia, and in 1873 opened a Women's Directory Center to provide medical and legal services to destitute women and children. In January 1899, she was appointed superintendent of a home, run by the Association for the Relief of Destitute Colored Women and Children in Washington, D.C.. The annual report for that year stated that she possessed "all the qualities essential to such a position-ability, energy, experience, tact." A subsequent report noted that:
Dorothea Lange (May 26, 1895 – October 11, 1965) was an influential American documentary photographer and photojournalist, best known for her Depression-era work for the Farm Security Administration (FSA). Lange's photographs humanized the consequences of the Great Depression and influenced the development of documentary photography Born of second generation German immigrants on May 26, 1895, in Hoboken, New Jersey,[1][2] Dorothea Lange was named Dorothea Margaretta Nutzhorn at birth. She dropped her middle name and assumed her mother's maiden name after her father abandoned the family when she was 12 years old, one of two traumatic incidents in her early life. The other was her contraction of polio at age seven which left her with a weakened
The church completed the home in 1908, and Harriet moved there several years later. She spent her last years in the home telling stories of her life to visitors. On March 10, 1913, Harriet died of pneumonia. She was 93 years old. Harriet Tubman was not afraid to fight for freedom and that is what she was best known
She encouraged medical education for women and aided other women to aspire other careers. According to the article, Changing the Face of Medicine, By establishing the New York Infirmary in 1857, Elizabeth Blackwell offered a practical solution to one of the problems facing women who were rejected from internships elsewhere but determined to expand their skills as physicians. She also published several important books on the issue of women in medicine, including Medicine as a Profession for Women in 1860 and Address on the Medical Education of Women in 1864. Blackwell had no idea how to become a physician, so she consulted with several physicians known by her family. They told her it was a fine idea, but impossible; it was too expensive, and such education was not available to women.
• Describe how Watson’s Theory of Human Transpersonal Caring is related. | |Historical time period |Nursing role in community |Major health issues|Partnerships used |Watson’s theory | |Past period 1 |Industrial Revolution |In the 1800’s the role of |The major health |Daughters of Charity | | | |American Revolution War |nursing was delivered by |issues in the |Dominican Sisters | | |1800'S |Crimean War |women in the home for all |1800’s were small |Franciscan Sisters of the | | | |American Civil War |family members when they were|pox, yellow fever, |Poor | | | | |sick, during childbirth, and |cholera, typhoid, |AMA-hygiene study | | | | |to decrease suffering. |typhus, |Elizabeth Law in England | | | | |Nursing care was provided for|tuberculosis, |Florence Nightingale | | | | |the poor, mentally ill, and |maleria, infant |developed nursing | | | |
B. Shortly after medical school, Cole moved to New York City and joined the staff of the New York Infirmary for Women and Children, a hospital owned and operated by Elizabeth Blackwell, the first woman to earn her MD. C. Blackwell soon established the Tenement House Service. The service intended to promote health in overcrowded slums, populated by poor--mainly black--people, by sending out a "sanitary visitor" to teach basic hygiene and child care. Cole became one of the first "sanitary visitors" in the program and worked in this capacity for many years.
Overview of the American Red Cross: Clara Barton, born in 1821, had been a schoolteacher, a clerk in the U.S. Patent Office, and had earned the nickname "Angel of the Battlefield" during the Civil War before she founded the American Red Cross in 1881. Barton's experiences of collecting and distributing supplies to soldiers during the Civil War, as well as working as a nurse on battlefields, made her a champion for the rights of wounded soldiers. After the Civil War, Barton aggressively lobbied for the establishment of an American version of the International Red Cross (which had been founded in Switzerland in 1863) and for the United States to sign the Geneva Convention. She succeeded with both -- the American Red Cross was founded in 1881
A Mothers Influence The Positive Impact Committee conducted a survey in 2004 on how many Americans have a positive impact in their lives, statistics revealed that out of a thousand people, 85% agreed that their mother was the positive person in their life. When I was presented with this question, I thought about it for a few seconds and without any doubts I came to the conclusion that my mother, Gertrude Mack was that person of interest. I still follow and hold her morals and values that she instilled in me close to my heart, even after her death. My mother was dedicated, generous, and honest. Gertrude was a dedicate mother who reared six children by herself.