The interaction of nature versus nurture? The sociocultural and cognitive theories best emphasize individual conscious organization of experience. Sociocultural theories involve active learning and an individual must interact with society and mentors. There is a conscious effort on the individual’s part to learn and use their experiences to make life decisions. Cognitive development requires an individual to analyze their experiences and properly form concepts.
Personality Development Paper University of Phoenix PSYCH 504 Dr. Donna February 04, 2013 Personality Development Paper Introduction There are several features which contribute to the development of the individual's personality. Many of these factors are adequately discussed in theories of personality development. As society continues to develop into a great melting pot, there is an increase need to research other contributing factors to the development of personalities; focus on cultural, gene-environment influence will be discussed in this paper. The studies of twin inheritability of personality, and the contributing factors over a period of time into adulthood will discussed as well. Lastly, the various personality models may be changed to justify for the differences in the personal, societal, and cultural will be discussed.
Foundations of Human Development in the Social Environment By: Talicia Wusterbarth BSHS/325 01/10/2015 Instructor: Candy Rogers Foundations of Human Development in the Social Environment Bio-Psycho-Social dimensions of development, refers to the biological, psychological, and social dimensions of development. Many factors can play a part in disordered personalities. The nature vs. nurture theory definitely plays a role in this. In fact, there is so much research on this subject, it can be hard to pin point just one reason. In most cases there is more than reason or cause for disorders of all kinds.
The Cognitive Learning Theory explains why the brain is the most incredible network of information processing and interpretation in the body as we learn things. This theory can be divided into two specific theories: the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT), and the Cognitive Behavioral Theory (CBT). When we say the word “learning”, we usually mean “to think using the brain”. This basic concept of learning is the main viewpoint in the Cognitive Learning Theory (CLT). The theory has been used to explain mental processes as they are influenced by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors, which eventually bring about learning in an individual.
Of the three theories given, psychosocial and social constructionist theories of identity will be summarised and shown how these theories compare when studying the identity of those with physical disabilities. Erik Erikson (later expanded by James Marcia) devised the psychosocial theory of identity, in which human beings go through eight stages of identity development (Phoenix, 2007). During these periods each person goes through a normative crisis; however stage five, adolescence is regarded as the most important stage as this is where identity must be achieved. In Erikson’s theory, psycho (self) conjointly with social (hence psychosocial) interactions are the factors that forge our identities. Psychosocial theory states that we all have a variety of identities that are combined to make one coherent vision of self.
Researchers have tested and advanced his theories and many existing views in cognitive psychology are based on Piaget’s theories. Piaget anticipated that cognitive development and development of mental abilities, happens as we become accustomed to the altering world around us. He described adaption as the nonstop process of using the environment to learn and of learning to alter to changes that come about in the environment. He suggested that adaptation consists of two related process which he called assimilation and accommodation. These two ways are the processes in which we interconnect with the environment.
This human process is called social development. This being said, it is a continual change of human behaviors, feelings, and interpersonal thoughts; which will continue to develop over our life-span. Each phase of personal development will be essential in overall growth during childhood through adulthood. Social influences come from solitary comrade or group settings, which can have powerful effects on personal behaviors. The extent in which individuals are influences can depend on self-esteem levels, and individual strengths from moral, values to self-identity.
Examination of Clinical Psychology Wendy M Tolliver PSY 480 Elements of Clinical Psychology January 13, 2013 Dr. Char Schultz Examination of Clinical Psychology Clinical psychology refers to the branch of psychology dealing with assessment and diagnosis of mental disorders and abnormal behavior. Clinical psychology combines the science of psychology with treatment methods for various psychological disorders. In today’s society, clinical psychology is one of the most prevalent subfields in the field of psychology. History of Clinical Psychology In the late 1800’s, psychology was becoming established in universities around the world. In 1896 as director of the psychology department at the University of Pennsylvania; Lightner Wilmer (former student of Wilhelm Wundt), was responsible for the doors opening to the first psychology clinic (Compas & Gotlib, 2001).
During his research, Freud discovered the large effects that past experiences can have on personality development. He used this theory and its stages to prove how such experiences can affect one’s behavior later in life. If one of these stages is not completed successfully then the person will experience fixation; being fixed in that stage until successful completion. According to Freud, fixation can lead to an unhealthy lifestyle. Beginning with the oral stage, it is commonly completed between a child’s birth until they are eighteen months old.
Others are called mini theories; these on the other hand deals on a limited aspect of development for instance social and cognitive growth. A major theorist such Sigmund Freud outlined the various stages of development in children where growth transformations occur. He called it the psychosexual stages of development, which largely emphasized on the significance of childhood experiences and events. Freud’s stages included oral, anal, phallic, latency and genital stages. All the stages involve the fulfillment of libidinal desires that play significant roles in adulthood.