Unit 22 – Understanding Child and Young Person Development 1.1/1.2 Explain the sequence and rate of development from birth-19yrs. Explain the difference between sequence and rate of development and why the difference is important. Children’s development is continuous, so it is important to look at the sequence and rate of each aspect of development as a way of monitoring their progress. Although children develop in many different ways and at many different rates, the sequence that they follow is understood to be roughly the same. The sequence that children will follow has quite an obvious pattern with the child learning to hold their head up before they can sit, to sit independently before they can stand, to stand independently before they can walk and to walk confidently before they can run.
(Peterson, 2010) Joel - Childhood 2-10 throughout this period, children become progressively independent from their parents as they learn to do things themselves and additional achievement self-control. Throughout this period, children's intellectual abilities develop, and they also start to grow an understanding of what is right and wrong. (Peterson, 2010) Connie - Infancy0-2 While the infant is reliant on mothers for most things, numerous psychological features are fast emerging. Throughout this period, the connection that develops between the infant and their mother is significant in relations of the infant's advanced sensitive development. (Peterson, 2010) b) Describe the current issues and changes you would expect to observe in each of the following human development areas: • Physical • Cognitive • Emotional and psychological • Social • Sexual 20 marks Alice Physical: The present problems for Alice would be the health consequences of her habitual smoking and drinking.
Although all children will develop at different rates and in different ways, the sequence in which they develop will be roughly the same as they need to have developed one skill, for example walking, before they move on to develop another such as running and jumping. Development is often referred to on a timeline and is broken down in ages. As development is more rapid in early years the milestones start by being quite close together before becoming further apart as baby becomes a child and then a young adult. The aspects of development that children are measured on are physical, language, social and emotional, and intellect. From birth through to adulthood children continually grow, develop, and learn.
Factors affecting development There are a range of factors which can affect a child’s development which begins from the moment of conception, and which will influence how the child develops and at what rate. Development is measured by parameters which have been carefully researched and measured and to which many professionals such as doctors, teachers, social workers and so on are able to refer to when assessing a child’s development. These milestones in development enable professionals but also parents to see where a child is in their rate of development and if they are following the sequence of development that is expected of them by a certain age. An example would be that most children will start to walk between 10 to 17 months, if after this time a baby is still not walking then there may be professional intervention that can resolve the problem which is important to solve at a younger age in order to prevent any problems later on in life. There are many things that can influence a child’s development which can be divided into personal and external factors.
Some children’s rate of development is a lot faster then others, for example some babies learn to walk at 10 months while others don’t start walking until they are over a year old. It is important to know the difference because when working with children you can observe firstly the sequence of their development to see if they are developing how they should be I.E supporting their head and then learning to sit up and also to be able to plan effectively for the child you are working with. Also it is important to know the difference between sequence and rate of development because you need to be able to observe what rate they are developing at to see if they developing as they should be and if they need and extra support in some areas such as communication for example. 2.1) Explain how children and young peoples development is influenced by a range of personal factors A child’s development may be different to the development of a child that is the same age as them. This could be down to such factors as their health, family up bringing or environment.
The fact is when a child begins to develop; the influences around him will determine his readiness and later his success or failure in his lifespan. Emotional regulation, attachment, language development, and motor skills are the first components of early-childhood learning. Therefore, these major milestones can result in delay if stressors and/or negative risk factors exist. In addition, stressors affect the brain in a way where a child's physical, cognitive, and/or social-emotional growth is compromised (Brumbach, Figueredo, & Ellis, 2009). Evidently, individuals will experience milestones leading to adulthood; during this time, various influences will prepare him for his future duties and/or objectives during the rest of his lifespan (Berk, 2010).
Joyce Chandler February 22, 2013 Influences on Childhood Development Instructor Plotts Psychology 304 Life-Span Development Introduction The birth of a child can bring forth excitement and new changes to the parents and others. As the child is introduce to this new world their bodies are also undergoing a change. Childhood development is a crucial phase in the development of the human being; especially during the period of development between birth and age of 8 in a child’s life (Santrock, 2011). This period is considered the precarious periods of time by which children should learn specific skills, if they are to learn them. This paper will discuss the important stages in the development as to how the child changes from physical, emotional, social, and cognitive perspective throughout this time period.
What they grasp from those experiences accumulates as basic learning which guide them in their future. However, different people have different understandings of what a child should experience in order to be brought up the “right” way. For these differences in views, a number of theorists and philosophers have studied and put together sets of activities, experiences and events that would best contribute to infant and toddler development. This set of guidelines is taught to caregivers and educarers as basic curriculum for the young children (Gonzalez-Mena & Eyer, 2007). In the delicate phase of infancy and toddlerhood, it is the everyday care-giving routine that makes up curriculum for the children.
Socio-emotional Development – Preschool Years The preschool years are an important time in a child’s development. These skills will be imperative during that time. It is important that parents or the caregiver know what the child should be able to do at a certain age. This will help the parent or caregiver be on alert for potential problems, and provide opportunities for children to practice and sharpen their skills in their natural settings. Slavin (2012) found that social network grows from an intimate relationship with parents or other guardians to include other family members, nonrelated adults and peers.
We need to look closely at the different kinds of physical development and where a child should be at for their age. When we think of physical development we think of how the child is growing, but that is not the only part of physical development that there is. Yes we should keep an eye on how a child is physical growing, if they are in the right weight group, and if they are growing as they should, but we should also look at their sensation and perception, gross motor development, and fine motor development. "Perceptual development is largely dependent on the development of the brain and central nervous system-- the exact timing of which varies-- but for the most part, the senses of the sight, touch, smell, taste, and hearing as well developed by the preschool period." (Bredekamp S. and Copple C. 2009 Pg.