Learners with Visual Impairment

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Nature of Visual Impairment (V.I.) Visual impairment refers to a significant loss of vision, even though the person may wear corrective lenses. Each student may require individual adaptations to instructional practices and materials in order to learn effectively according to the nature and degree of V.I. PIX of EYE CHART The degrees of vision difficulties are measured with an eye chart and as a ratio (eg. 20/20 vision) Top number = distance in feet of how close a person must be to see an object compared to Bottom number = the distance in feet a regular sighted person can see that object Examples: A person with 20/400 vision must stand 20 feet away from an object that a sighted person can see from 400 feet away A person with 20/70 vision must stand 20 feet away from an object that a sighted person can see from 70 feet away A person with 20/20 vision must stand 20 feet away from an object that a sighted person can see from 20 feet away, therefore, that person has what we consider “perfect” vision I. Two Main Categories: A. BLINDNESS *Legal Blindness: + ranges from a visual acuity of 20/200 in the better eye after correction to having no usable vision +a field of vision reduced to an angle of 20 degrees . *Blindness +ranges from being totally without sight to + unreliable vision and primary reliance on other senses B.LOW VISION + reduced central acuity of 20/70 or less in the better eye after correction. +Most students with visual impairments have low vision. These students should be encouraged to use their residual (remaining) vision, when appropriate, using the necessary optical aids and adaptations. Students who are described as blind have some usable vision. Teresita Crisologo II. CAUSES OF BLINDNESS A. Congenital refers to loss of vision present at birth. The more common causes are: _ prematurity; _ genetic diseases; _ prenatal and perinatal infections;

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