Last Days of Ming Dynasty

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The reason why Ming Dynasty was collapsed Ming Dynasty always considered as the most weakness Dynasty in Chinese history. There are three most important issue could not addressed effectively. Firstly it is the national crisis, especially the Mongolians in the northern of china became the most serious crisis which have to face for every emperor in Ming Dynasty, but the crisis never solve even Zhengtong emperor was captured and his army were ambushed at Tumu. Secondly is the inner China’s crisis. In order to defend the border and feed the imperial clans the in kind of tax were too heavy for the common people. Lead the Ming government isolated with the masses. Thirdly, and the most fatal crisis must be the lack of responsibility in chongzhen’s personality and the terrible relationship between the last emperor Chongzhen and his ministers, the distance between minister and emperor became far away ,and ultimately none of his ministers would like to work for him anymore and this lead to a famous talk from chongzhen, “My ministers have failed me. As ruler of the country I must die for the altars of the soil and grain. An empire that has lasted 277 years: It is all because of the mistakes of treacherous minister that it has come to this.Alas!’’ So many scholars put forward their opinions answering the reason why Ming Dynasty cannot addressed these crisis and finally collapsed. For example Lynn A struve (司徒琳) a famous American sinologist, she thinks the basic reason is Zhu Yuanzhang abolished the prime minister system in 1380 AD, she said : “由于缺乏宰相制,君主的无能和派系的争执,这两大古老的难题在明代越发难解了” . Nevertheless this idea is not exactly answer this question. Zhu yuanzhang abolished the prime minister and Yongle emperor established the privy council, 大学士is the fifth rank initially but during the Chongzhen reign 大学士 increased to the first rank the function have no difference with prime
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