Difference between personality disorders and mood disorders This paper will discuss the differences between personality disorders and mood disorders. The terms personality and mood are sometimes misinterpreted as having the same meaning. This confusion often contributes to a misunderstanding of the mental disorders. Clarifying the definitions of these terms is a good place to start in gaining a better understanding these distinct classes of mental illness. Culminating in the identifying the differences between each disorder.
The identification and diagnosis of the disorder was difficult for many therapists. It was characterized by a pattern of inner experience and behaviour that deviates from the expectations of the individual’s culture, is pervasive and inflexible, has onset on adolescence or early adulthood, is stable over time, and leads to distress or impairment. 2. DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria for Personality Disorders “General diagnostic criteria for the a Personality Disorder A. An enduring pattern of inner experience and behaviour that deviates markedly from the expectations of the individual’s culture.
Manifestation of disorders has been shown to vary cross-culturally, threatening the validity of existing diagnostic criteria in terms of capturing the full spectrum of a disorder presentation. Finally, beliefs about etiology and what is considered an appropriate intervention challenge the effectiveness of existing treatment protocols. This paper will discuss the obstacles culture presents in all these three domains, with examples from a variety of cultures. Obstacles in Assessing, Understanding, and Treating Child Psychopathology: A Cultural Perspective The term culture has yet to be clearly defined. In a broader sense of the word, culture includes aspects such as sexual orientation, religion, or socioeconomic status.
Some of these relate to our individual differences whilst others relate to the situational factors we encounter. Individual differences are important personal factors such as gender, personality or culture that differentiate people. Individual differences between people may affect how they respond to situations where social influence is applied. Dispositional factors are individual differences including gender, age, ethnicity, self-esteem, personality, confidence and Locus of Control. The concept of Locus of control which was made by Rotter in 1966 refers to individual differences in people’s beliefs and expectations about what controls events in their lives.
His classification is represented in the Mental Health Act as three main categories: mental disorder, mental impairment and personality disorder. Today, abnormality can be defined in different ways for example, statistical infrequency, deviation from social ‘norms’ and deviation from ideal mental health. However, definitions can often be problematic and imprecise therefore diagnostics were introduced based on Kraeplin’s ideas; the international ICD-10 and the American DSM-IV (Millis, 2004). Furthermore, the schools of thought used when assessing mental disorders are psychoanalytic or psychodynamic, biological, behaviourism, humanism and cognitive psychology, each one presenting different viewpoints on causes and treatment. Expanding on the definitions of abnormality, statistical infrequency is rather literal, describing normality as what most people in society conform to.
Discrimination can be seen in practise with stereotyping, labelling, disempowering, abusing, bullying, abuse of power, infringements of rights and over-riding individual’s rights. Stereotyping is when assumptions are made about groups based on information relating to a small number of people. In a health and social care setting, this discriminatory practise may be used by discriminating against someone’s disabilities or cognitive ability as they may think just because a person has a disability, that person will need constant surveillance and will never be independent when that is not necessarily true. This may affect the service user by making them feel devalued, marginalised and have low self-esteem and self-efficacy. Feeling devalued comes about when a
Identify problems that individuals with an autistic spectrum condition may have in social interaction and relationships 3. Outline the problems of inflexibility and restrictiveness in activities and interests and how these may affect individuals on the autistic spectrum. 4. Explain why it is important to recognise that each individual on the autistic spectrum has their own individual abilities, needs, strengths, preferences and interests 5. Describe why autism can be considered as a spectrum, encompassing individuals differing in the expression and severity of their symptoms 6.
The cognitive aspect of CBT involves learning to identify distorted patterns of thinking and forming judgments. These maladaptive thought patterns are also known as negative or maladaptive schemas, or core beliefs. Core beliefs are fundamental assumptions people have made that influence how they view the world and themselves. People get so used to thinking in these core ways that they stop noticing them or questioning them. Simply put, core beliefs are the unquestioned background themes that govern depressed people's
These individuals are often ridiculed, segregated, and discriminated against. “Some believe that psychological conditions are not as important as physiological conditions or that they are non-biological therefore treatment is ineffective” (Roman et al, 2008). If mental disorders are not properly diagnosed and treated, mental illnesses
BPD is a personality disorder that is a prolonged disturbance of personality function in a person. It generally effects people over the age of eighteen, but is also found in adolescents. BPD typically involves unusual levels of instability in mood; black and white thinking and manifest itself in idealization and devaluation episodes. A person with BPD typically has chaotic and unstable interpersonal relationships, self-image, identity, and behavior; as well as a disturbance in the individual’s sense of self. In extreme cases, this disturbance in sense of self can lead to periods of dissociation.