Henry had done this so he could abolish the Council Learned in Law, meaning that he could cancel 175 bonds his father had put in place with his Nobles. This made Henry extremely popular; a big difference from his father, and also meant that he could have rich Nobles, leading to a powerful army and glorious court. This first aim set the trend that showed how Henry would have a very different reign from his father. In June 1509 Henry married
The great charter of English liberties ranted by King John in 1215 under the threat of civil war. It was reissued twice, once in 1216 and 1217 with omissions and alterations. As the conqueror of England, William I had secured for himself and his immediate successors a position of unprecedented power. He had been able to dominate not only the country he had conquered but the barons who had helped him win it and the ecclesiastics (priests) who served the English church. He had forced the pope to be content with indirect control over the church in a land, which the papacy (office of the pope) had regarded as bound by the closest ties to Rome.
He also helped expedite completion of the Panama Canal, which was vital for travel between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans in half the time previously required. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his role in the end of the Russo-Japanese war, where he was negotiating. He was also deemed the country’s first environmentalist president in 1906, when he signed the National Monuments act, protecting sites such as the Grand Canyon and preventing damage to wildlife sanctuaries, national forests and federal game reserves. “He also made headway with the nation’s infrastructure, instigating 21 federal irrigation
The Townshend Acts In 1767 Charles Townshend who was the chancellor of the exchequer, created the Townshend Acts . The Townshend Acts were approved by British Parliament on June 26-June 2, 1767 and were repealed April 12, 1770. Charles Townshend proposed the program in order to raise 40,000 pounds a year so that the English parliament could cut the british land tax and this would also raise money to pay for the salaries of governors and judges. Some of the things that the Act taxed were paper, oil, lead, glass, and tea that went into American ports. Townshend knew that his program would be controversial in the colonies, but he argued that, "The superiority of the mother country can at no time be better exerted than now."
Another example was Henry’s immediate truce with Scotland in 1486, when a three year peace treaty was signed, which was only eventually ended due to the death of James III in 1488 and his successor, the 15 year old James IV, whose anti-Anglo attitude disrupted any potential amnesty between the states until 1497 when the treaty of Ayton was signed. Actions like these, especially as they were still fairly early in his reign, showed how confident and naturally able Henry was at negotiating, thus setting him up as one of Europe’s most recognised leaders. Another early method of improving foreign relations used by Henry was to deal with any potential threats. Undoubtedly the most threatening of
In July of 1471 Gloucester was granted all of Warwick’s northern lands and to help him conduct the war against the Scots in 1480-82 he was also made Lieutenant General in the north. This patronage gave Richard the power to be able to raise an army in his own right and he could act almost as a king in his area, which was a dangerous move as Richard was then able to march down from the north and claim the throne for his own after his brother’s death. The Woodville family also became overmighty and they increased as Richard spent less time at court. They were in control of Edward’s two sons at Ludlow Castle, enabling them to create a power base in Wales as they could exploit the patronage and resources vested in the King’s children. These overmighty nobles especially demonstrate how one of Edward’s weaknesses could lead to usurpation.
“Great Pandemic”: The Black Death Tax farming: able to deliver large amounts of grain, cash, and silk. ‘The Mongol Yoke”: Describes the ruthless Mongol rule over the Slavs for about 200 years after the conquest of Chinggis Khan. The Mongols used existing Slavic princes as servants and tax collectors. Good princes were rewarded with heredity. Alexander Nevsky began the process of making the princes more powerful, and it was finished by Ivan III, who overthrew the Mongols and became Russia's first tzar Tsar: Russian title for monarch to refer Russian Ruler, Ivan III (r. 1462-1505) Teutonic Knights: Order of German Knights founded in Jerusalem who shifted their area of operation in 1211 to eastern Europe to convert non-Christians Places The Ukraine: a country in Eastern Europe Empires / Kingdoms Il-khan Empire: a “secondary” or “peripheral” khan based in Persia.
How far did Edward IV restore the authority of the monarchy in the years 1461-83? Edward IV restored royal authority to a great extent. He restored royal authority in a number of ways, in his first reign by widening his power base and in his second reign by improving finances and dealing with foreign threats. One method Edward used to increase royal authority was to widen his powerbase. He did this by taking away all the lands from his enemies, and giving these lands as patronage to reward his allies.
They were built over the centuries with the technology they have learned. It was the stuttering Claudius that had the greatest impact on Rome’s water supply and during Claudius’s regain from 41-54 A.D. Claudius did things Julius Cesar himself did not accomplish. Claudius moved his reach feather outward to Britannia and he also built two major aqueducts called The Aqua Claudius and The Anio Novis, which allowed more water to flow into the city. The aqueducts were built on slop in order to keep the water flowing evenly throughout Rome and the technology was that aqueduct’s were slopped on an angle just 20-30 miles away from the source of the water. Now to make the waters decent nonstop they dug tunnels through mountains and when the water was very low like near valleys stone walls were built in order to keeps the water flowing.
The Magna Carta is a document that King John of England (1166 - 1216) was forced into signing. King John was forced into signing the charter because it greatly reduced the power he held as the King of England and allowed for the formation of a powerful parliament. The Magna Carta became the basis for English citizen's rights. It is a collection of 37 english laws. 17.