Society as a whole is more and more splitting up into two great hostile camps, into two great classes directly facing each other: Bourgeoisie and Proletariat” (Marx and Engels 1848). Social class, therefore, is based upon economic criteria and conflict occurs between those who own the means of production (bourgeoisie) and the wage-labourers (proletariat). As well as having economic control over the proletariat, the bourgeoisie also have the power to determine the superstructure; the ruling class can distort perceptions of the world and hide the true nature of social relationships and the exploitation of the proletariat and, above all, promote bourgeoisie interests. Marx defines production as workers selling their labour for wages in order to exchange money for commodities that will meet their most basic needs. As Marx
I believe this can be strongly tied into the Marxist ideas of commodity fetishism and false consciousness as the culture industry creates repressive and alienating effects through products and commodities. The theory of commodity fetishism basically states that people experience social relationships as value relations between things. False consciousness is a theory that states that material and institutional processes in capitalistic societies basically mislead the lower and working classes through the power of capitalism. It seems as if people within capitalistic societies allow their lives to be organized or controlled through the medium of commodities. We trade our own commodities (such as labour) for a special commodity: money.
A particular Marxist view of the relationship between crime and social class is known as criminogenic capitalism. For Marxists, crime is inevitable in capitalism because capitalism is criminogenic. Capitalism is based on the exploitation of the working class – that is, on using them as a means to and end (profit), whatever the human cost of doing so. It is therefore particularly damaging to the working class and this may give rise to crime. Firstly Marxists believe that poverty may mean that crime is the only way the working class can survive therefore this results in the form of a relationship between crime and social class.
Through this we have learned that as working class, we expect and accept that we will be exploited by the ruling class in terms of our surplus value. This is known as a crisis of Hegemony. They go on to say that we have internalised the DVS to such an extent that any other value system seems absurd, resulting in a state of false class consciousness. Marx believed that we will see a social revolution which will overthrow capitalism and replace it with true communism. Marxism sees religion as a feature which is only relevant in a society based on class division I.E the ruling classes and the working classes.
Marxism is a structuarlist ideology which means that they paying attention to social institutions and structures over individuals, and it was Karl Marxs (1945) who came up with it. The belief that society is divided into the bourgeoisie, who own the "means of production", and the proletariat, who do the work, also known as upper class and working class. The bourgeoisie or capitalist class exploit the workers, and arrange society to keep the workers down. Most of the profit from the work that the working class do is kept by the bourgeoisie. Now, when we know the definitions, we can look at the Marxism view of education.
It is also considered to be the conflict model. Marx believed that the behaviour of individuals shaped society but he also believed that the economic system defined people’s place within society; which allowed Marx to consider there were two types of social classes which were the: bourgeoisie/capitalists and proletariat. The bourgeoisie/capitalists is a small powerful group who own factories as well as other places of employment. Whereas the proletariat is a much larger, poorer group who technically employed by the bourgeoisie. Karl’s view was that both the bourgeoisie and proletariat would forever be in conflict with one another.
In fact Marx's writing on estranged labour is a repudiation of private property- a warning of how private property enslaves the worker. This writing on estranged labour is an obvious point of basis for Marx's Communist Manifesto. The purpose of this paper is to view Marx's concept of alienation (estranged labour) and how it limits freedom. For Marx man's freedom is relinquished or in fact wrested from his true nature once he becomes a labourer. This process is thoroughly explained throughout Estranged Labour.
Living in a world where everyone worked for a single corporation, would not be a happy and efficient world. Progressives sought to prevent that type of world for various reasons. The movement of progressive began as a social movement that evolved into political movement overtime. The progressive moment was lead by Jane Addams, Jacob Riis, and Theodore Roosevelt. Progressives wanted to change their political agenda to focus on the concerns of industrial concentration, concentrated economic power, and whether or not they should regulate competition or focus on breaking up big competitions.
There have been many Marxist revolutionaries who have contributed substantially in opposing capitalism and superseding it with a socialist economic system. Karl Marx, the founder of social communism, attacked capitalism for its internal contradictions and flaws, such as the antagonisms and exploitations between the bourgeois and proletariat and its alienating conditions and affects on the proletariat as well as the bourgeois. Marx sought to abolish private ownership of the means of production, advocating a more socially equal redistribution of the productive economy, hoping to create a workers "community" in which all workers would have a equal share of the means of production. Marx saw exploitation emerge from the capitalist system. The hours of the proletariat are protracted to an wild extent, leaving them no room to socialize or produce anything creatively on their leisure time.
While Marxism also studies society in a macro-sociological way, it views it as being in a constant state of conflict. Scientific socialism, as it is also called, focuses on the struggle between the rich and the working class; the