Kafka's Metamorphosis

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Franz Kafka’s The Metamorphosis: An absurd reality Franz Kafka’s novella Metamorphosis, written in 1912 and published in 1915, is one of the iconic canonical works of 20th century and falls in the genre of Modernist absurdist fiction. This novella is an epithet of early 20th century engagement with the sense of powerlessness and alienation of the individual in an irrational universe. Belonging to a German speaking Jewish family in Prague, Czechoslovakia in a predominantly Czech-speaking area, Kafka himself struggled with a sense of alienation from his own surroundings. His novels The Trial (1925), The Castle (1926) and his greatest novella The Metamorphosis emphasised strongly the absurdity of existence and the incomprehensibility of the authoritarian power. It found an echo in the reading public which had survived World War I and was being fast hurled into World War II. It led to the coinage of the term ‘Kafkaesque’ to signify senseless and sinister complexity. The setting of the novella is in a flat in Prague, Czechoslovakia. Gregor Samsa, a dutiful son and exemplary employee, upon waking up one morning suddenly finds himself transformed into a ‘monstrous verminous bug’ (Kafka, Johnston). As the story unfolds Gregor’s dynamics with his family changes. Before the extraordinary physiological change the family was dependent on Gregor and after the transformation the equations change. Gregor becomes the dependent and he comes to be regarded as a repulsive burden. This sense of lowliness permeates the being of Gregor also, who through the accumulated evidence of three months decides that it would be best if he simply ceased to exist. And so he starves himself to death. His death leads to the transformation of the family who acquire new vitality and vivacity. Metamorphosis is known for its ability to inspire diverse, sometimes mutually exclusive
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