Unknown Lab Report: Enterobacter cloacae Jessica Sainvil Professor Cupido Bio 253L1 Thu 9:30-12:30 Due Date: 12/6/12 Unknown#103 Introduction The bacterium Enterobacter cloacae isolated from the given #103 was a Gram-negative Rod. The purpose of this lab was to isolate and identify the genus and species of an unknown bacterium. It is important to identify an unknown microorganism because knowing how the bacteria work and how it is structured means knowing how it can affect humans. Unknown bacteria may also be used clinically many pharmaceutical drugs are based on products made by organisms (Katzung, B.G.2004). In order to identify the unknown organism a series of tests were performed.
However, the basis of lupus treatment involves corticosteroids, a drug related to cortisol, a natural anti-inflammatory hormone. These are potent drugs, so doctors must seek the lowest dosage with the greatest benefits. Finally, immunosuppressives may be used for patients with kidney or central nervous system problems. These drugs restrain the overcharged immune system by hindering the production of immune cells. Although the symptoms of lupus can be uncomfortable and the complications life threatening, the disease can be managed and those suffering from it can maintain a high quality of life
Antibiotics are produced by microorganism because they inhibit the growth of or kill other microorganisms; they are effective in low concentrations and act on specific species of microorganisms. 3. List four different ways that the antibiotics work to destroy or inhibit microorganisms and for each give named example of an antibiotic exhibiting this type of mechanism. (Note: you need to indicate the different processes or structures affected not simply variations or subsets of a process) Inhibit cell-wall formation: blocks a specific cross linking step in the bacteria in the process of reproduction. E.g.
A con is the higher risk of destruction of normal body flora. Drug allergy, drug toxicity, and creation of resistant microorganisms are also facts that need to be taken into consideration. Narrow-spectrum antimicrobials can only target either Gram-negative or Gram-positive microorganisms or a small variety of microorganisms at the time used. A con is that the bacteria have to be indentified first, before treatment can start. The pros are the reduced risk of creating resistant microorganisms and less chance of harming the host.
Acute abdominal pain may be caused by a myriad of diagnoses, including acute appendicitis, diverticulitis, and cholecystitis. Imaging plays an important role in the treatment management of patients because clinical evaluation results can be inaccurate. Performing computed tomography (CT) is most important because it facilitates an accurate and reproducible diagnosis in urgent conditions. Also, CT findings have been demonstrated to have a marked effect on the management of acute abdominal pain. The cost-effectiveness of CT in the setting of acute appendicitis was studied, and CT proved to be cost-effective.
If surgery is not possible, endoscopic stenting of the biliary tree can reduce jaundice and a stent in the stomach could possibly relieve vomiting. C. Chemotherapy and radiation is also used. References 1. Stöppler, M., Shiel Jr., W. MedicineNet.com. Retrieved from
Viruses can be very tough and there are not many effective medicines available for viral diseases. There are currently 21 families of viruses known to cause disease in humans. Fungi like to grow in warm, moist places. Some fungi can be beneficial to us such as penicillin, but certain types of fungi can be harmful to our health. Like bacteria and viruses, some fungi can act as pathogens.
Having researched into two antiseptics, I have decided that TCP and Dettol antiseptics were likely to give me some sort of effective data in stopping bacterial growth in which I will have data through my experiment. After having completed my experiment I will be able to identify which antiseptic is the most effective in stopping bacterial growth, providing my client group with the best antiseptic to use within their work place in fighting infections and help within the first aid assistance in the emergency department within the
Hengge, et al. (2003) inLyme borreliosis provide an overview of Lyme disease, with reference to certain statistical information about the disease to show infection rates. The article is aimed at providing a background information about the disease, its treatment, and the possible ways through which it could be prevented or minimized. The hypothesis of the review is that Lyme disease is a condition that is brought to humans via vectors, especially ticks, and that the recovery rates among infected humans is high and successful, as long as appropriate treatment is provided. However, the authors also argue that Lyme disease tends to be misunderstood among practitioners, pointing out that there is the general tendency of doctors to misdiagnose
Introduction Yaws is an infectious disease caused by a spiral-shaped bacterium called Treponema pallidum, which causes syphilis. Yaws is produced by a subspecies of Treponema pallidum, but it is not transmitted sexually, but it does so by direct contact with lesions on the skin of infected people (it usually affects the extremities most of the time). As a result of the infection in the skin of the affected appear ulcerous lesions in the shape of raspberries that affect the skin, cartilage and bones. In general, they do not hurt, but as they usually sting, it causes the affected person to try to calm the itch by spreading the bacteria to other areas of the body. The clinical history and physical examination are the first two steps that allow suspecting whether a patient presents yaws.