How would the breakdown of the membranes of these structures affect the function of Joseph’s heart cells? The cellular organelles that have membranes as part of their cell structures are Ribosomes, Smooth and Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum, Lysosomes, Mitochondria, and Nucleus. The breakdown of these membranes of these structures affect the function of Joseph’s heart cells because the special calcium ATPases stop moving the calcium from the cytosol into the ER of Joseph’s cells in the cardiac muscles. Because intracellular calcium levels began to rise it caused the proteases to leak into interior of the cell which in turn attacks the cytoskeleton. The lysomal enzymes that normally are bound safely in the vesicles starts the digestion of the membranes of the organelles and the plasma membrane.
The breakdown of the membranes of the structures will affect the function of Joseph’s heart cells because Joseph was no longer receiving calcium in his cardiac muscle cells. The special calcium ATPase’s had stopped moving calcium from the cytosol into the endoplasmic reticulum of his cardiac muscle cells. The rising of the intracellular calcium levels caused proteases to spill into the interior of the cell, which then attacked the cytoskeleton. The normally safely bound lysosomal enzymes started to digest the plasma membrane and the membranes of the organelles. D. Both Joseph’s instructions he needs to repair his body and his predisposition for vascular disease are both contain in Mitochondrial DNA.
Type 2 Insulin management Balanced Healthy Diet Exercise Conclusion A. Diabetes mellitus is a group of diseases characterized by a high level of blood glucose resulting from defects in insulin secretion and insulin action. B. Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes can be compared and contrasted in; Type of diabetes, similarities and differences, and management. Diabetes is a chronic disease that unfortunately has no cure to date. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition in which the pancreas no longer produces enough insulin or it results when cells stop responding to the insulin that is being produced so that the glucose that is in the blood cannot be absorbed into the cells of the body.
The cardiovascular system also responds by redistributing blood to the heart, brain and kidneys and keeping blood away from the skin, muscle and GI tract. The renal system responds to the shock by increasing renin secretion from the juxtaglomerular apparatus. The neuroendocrine system responds hypovolemic shock by stimulating an increase in ADH. ADH is released in correspondence to low blood pressure and decrease in sodium concentration. The symptoms previous to hypovolemic shock include confusion and weakness.
Provide a brief explanation based on how the heart functions. Overtime when the fatty residues start building up on the arterial wall or this is called hardening of the arteries, this leaves little movement for the blood to flow through the arteries and to the heart. This blood is important because it contains oxygen and nutrients that are to go to the body’s tissues. If atherosclerosis begins in a coronary artery, blood is unable to flow correctly or not at all to the heart. This can cause the heart to stop pumping which then a person will endure a heart attack.
43________________________________________________________________ An electrolyte is a an ionic compound that breaks apart into positive and negative ions in a solution. The doctor was so concerned with the amount of electrolytes in eugene’s body because Electrolytes are one things that help the heart contract and relax and can lead to cardiac arrhythmia, which is the most common electrolyte deficiency. And when you are drinking your heart rate rises and that’s where the dangerous part come on. And if he is low on electrolytes, specifically sodium, the they can’t correct it quickly or it could cause an abnormal flow of water in or out of the cells which in turn could cause brain damage. If Eugene’s blood PH is really low than administering sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) will help him get back to the range of 7.35 - 7.45.
This is called vasoconstriction, which is the narrowing of blood vessels. When blood vessels constrict, blood flow slows down or is blocked. I hypothesized that during a stimulated dive the heart rate of the volunteer will decrease and his blood pressure would increase. Methods This lab was performed at CSU East Bay Campus. We obtained both heart rate and blood pressure data from our volunteer.
High levels of potassium decrease heart muscle activity, while both cases can lead to a Myocardial Infarction or heart attack (Mushnick, 2007) Cardiac markers include Creatine Kinase (CK), Lactate dehydrogenase (LD), myoglobin, Troponin I and Troponin T, Homocysteine, C-reactive Protein (CRP) and B-Type natriuretic peptide (BNP) (Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2005) Ron will need his Troponin Levels checked. Troponin is a protein found in both skeletal and cardiac muscles. There are two types of troponin, Troponin I and troponin T. Troponin I and T are both found in the myocardium however Troponin T is also found in the skeletal muscle. "Troponin I levels can indicate an infarction, while Troponin T leels can be determined at the bedside, making them a useful tool for
The cause of brain cells dying and deterioration of the connectors is not fully known yet. • Vascular dementia is caused by deprivation of oxygenated blood to the brain. Oxygenated blood is carried around the body by arteries and deoxygenated blood is carried through our body in veins. These arteries and veins make our vascular system. When the organ in our body is deprived of oxygenated blood that organ or part of it will die.
These valves are opened and closed depending on pressure differences between the atria and ventricles. They prevent the backflow of blood from the ventricles to the aorta in the second stage of the cardiac cycle. The second stage of the cardiac cycle is ventricular systole/atrial diastole. The atria relax and the ventricles contract. This decreases the volume of the ventricles and increases the pressure within them.