Johnson's Arguments Against Affirmative Action

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Affirmative Action There are scores of those who oppose the policies of Affirmative Action. The reasons for their opposition are various but they all generally agree on a few key points: policies enacted since the 1970s are out of date, they no longer work, and have outlived their purpose. Many of the critics who accept these ideas are of a more conservative bent, and view Affirmative Action policies as wrong-minded for the way in which they privilege a person’s identity status (in terms of race, gender, ethnicity or some other marker) over their merit. Critics taking this line of argument will also contend that continuing Affirmative Action policies may also constitute “reverse racism” or “reverse discrimination” and favor a minority candidate with lesser qualifications than a more-qualified representative of the majority population. Even those who view the inherent inequalities of the American system, however, and argue that minorities are in some need of institutionalized help to overcome systemic problems also see the policies Affirmative Action as more of a hindrance than a help. This essay will argue that while certainly biases and inequalities exist in American society, and that members of minority populations are in need of some type of assistance in education and job placement…show more content…
Johnson contends that this allows Universities to artificially argue that they are keeping pace with Affirmative Action policies, while in reality doing very little to even the playing field between certain minority groups and their better-represented counterparts. Similarly, Clarence Kleiter in his article “A Measurement Perspective on Affirmative Action,” notes that despite the presence of existing Affirmative Action laws and policies, the reality is that African Americans are still underrepresented in the medical field and in the number of graduates who successfully complete the MCAT exam. He writes: Scores from the

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