Pg. 459 #1-12 all 1.Explain why a suspension is considered a heterogeneous mixture. A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture because the particles may remain mixed with the liquid while the liquid is being stirred, but later they settle to the bottom. 2.Classify the following mixtures as homogeneous or heterogeneous: a. lemon juice- can be either, because with pulp it is heterogeneous, and without pulp it is homogeneous. b. tap water-homogeneous c. blood-heterogeneous d. house paint-homogeneous 3.In a solution, which component is considered the solvent?
Then by filtering, iodide can be extracted which when combined with other substances can make an iodine tincture, that is a pharmaceutical product. * Can a single substance be isolated from a mixture? Yes a single substance can be isolated from the seaweed mixture by using methods such as filtration and evaporation. In our experiment we used filtration using a filter paper funnel to extract the iodide from the tincture. * What is this substance This substance is iodide Confidence Report The aim of extraction, is to separate a part of raw material, using a solvent such as water with heat.
A binding material can be separated by dissolving the tablet in ether since three active ingredients are soluble. Then, aqueous K2HPO4 and KOH are used to extract the ether solution with the conjugate base of the Aspirin layer and the conjugate base of the Acetaminophen, respectively. The caffeine can be isolated from the left over layer by evaporating the ether. Two separated solutions form solid by acidifying with HCl and the solid residue can be collected by vacuum filtration. According to the Revell's lab experiment, aspirin, acetaminophen, caffeine recoveries are 60% or higher, <10% and <5%, respectively.
This technique prevents the product to contact other reactants, and leave the heating environment which might cause side reactions. The removal of the product also helps to shift the equilibrium position of the incomplete reaction to the right hand side, and prevents backwards reaction, resulting in an increased yield of products. This experiment also introduces the idea of azeotrope. An azeotrope is a mixture of two or more pure compounds in such a ratio that its composition cannot be changed by simple distillation. This is because when an azeotrope is boiled, the resulting vapour has the same ratio of constituents as the original mixture of liquids.
Magic marker inks are often mixtures of several compounds. Paper chromatography is a common method of separating various components of a mixture. After separation, you can observe the different colors that make up a particular color of magic marker ink. You can also calculate a ratio Rf, which compares how far each compound traveled to how far each solvent (substance that dissolves another substance) traveled during the experiment. Rf = Ds/Df Ds = Distance traveled by the compound Df = Distance traveled by the solvent Materials: coffee filter, tape, isopropyl alcohol (rubbing alcohol), water, 3 different color magic markers (not permanent); 3 identical tall, narrow drinking glasses; metric ruler, 3 pencils Pre-lab Questions: List one extensive and one intensive property of marker ink.
Rather, overtime the dried seaweed would soften with the water and form a mixture. 3. Define: a. Decant- gradually pour from one container to another, leaving the solid behind. b. Filtrate- a liquid that has passed through a filter c. Extract- a preparation containing an active ingredient of a substance in concentrated form d. Precipitate- the formation of a solid in the reaction of a solution e. Tincture- a medicine derived by dissolving a drug in alcohol Notebook (Photocopies included) Observations: -Iodine crystals- glittery, brown-black in color, small pieces with a length of about 4 mm and thickness of about 2 mm, brittle -Fucus seaweed- dry, dark green, strong pungent scent, stiff, easily snapped into two pieces -Tincture- brown liquid, strong alcohol scent, fairly thin and runny -Isopropyl alcohol- clear liquid, alcohol smell Observation of reagents, starting materials and changes during extraction: We broke the dried seaweed into small
Radu Purtuc | Chemistry 231 - Lab | Section 32 Ronnie :: team-member TECH 705, SEPARATING ACIDS AND NEUTRAL COMPOUNDS BY SOLVENT EXTRACTION - MACROSCALE EXTRACTION July 6, 2006 Lab Report INTRODUCTION Purpose: using extraction technique to separate acetanilide, p-toluic acid, and p-tert-butylphenol; then measure the melting points of each compound and comparing them to the statistical values. Background: separating acids and neutral compounds by solvent extraction is a useful technique used in practice by chemists to separate organic compounds from mixture of other compounds. It generally involve several steps, with limiting factors being the number and output purity of compounds to be extracted from source mixture. A number of specific compound solvents not inter-miscible are used to separate and dissolve compounds, and a physical transfer between solvents is employed. An example of use is cleaning compounds of impurities, where different solvents work as a molecular filter that interacts differentially with compound and impurities respectively.
Energy is released when glucose is broken down into carbon dioxide and water. Lipids are compounds that are insoluble in water and soluble in solvents. Lipids include fats, oils, phospholipids, steroids, and
In the experiment a secondary alcohol (cyclohexanol) is heated with acid (phosphoric acid). A carbocation is generated by the loss of water from cyclohexanol because of the protonated alcohol. Loss of hydrogen ion from the carbocation will give the desired alkene (cyclohexene). Fractional distillation is used to separate liquids that have different boiling points that are relatively close together. By using this method of distillation a mixture is heated to a temperature at which several fractions of the compound is evaporated the distillate is then condensed and collected.
Micro – scale Reduction of a Ketone to an Alcohol: Benzophenone to Diphenylmethanol with Sodium Borohydride Abstract: Purpose of experiment 2.1 was to perform reduction reaction of benzophenone to diphenylmethanol with sodium borohydride as a reducing agent. The reducing agent was used in excess to ensure complete reduction of the carbonyl group. The product was isolated as a solid by filtration and its purity was checked using Thin Layer Chromatography with different ratios of mixture of polar and non – polar solvents and by checking its melting point, which was 520C - 620C. Infra – Red spectroscopy was not performed, however previously printed graphs were compared and analysed based on tables in Chemistry Laboratory Manual. Purpose of the Experiment: To produce diphenylmethanol from the reduction of benzophenone by using sodium borohydride as a reducing agent.